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LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. 



4eiiq3S.7S 

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 



LAKE GEORGE 

(II^LXJSTRATED,) 

AND 

LAKE CHAMPLAIN. 
A BOOK OF TO-DAY. 



■^OPYRlGHr ^v?\ I 




S. R. STODDARD. 

REVISED ANNUALLY. 
EIGHTEENTH EDITION. 



GLENS FALLS, N. Y. 
PUBLISHED BY THE AUTHOR. 

Copyright, 1888, by S. R, Stoddard. 



f \2.n 



In General page. 

A. C.A 66 

Abercrombie 42 

Amherst 43 

Battle of Lake George, 38 

Blood J' Pond 27, 30 

Bolton 73 

Bosom, The 109 

Caldwell 57 

Camp Life, Outfit, etc. 85 

Champlain Lake 127 

(See special index.) 

Dieskau, Baron - 37 

Discovery . 34 

Diamond Point 65 

Dunham's Bay 63 

Father Jogues 34 

Fort George 43 

Fort William Henry, 

Capture, Mat-sacre . . 40 
Forest Commission ... 84 

French Point 99 

Game Laws 33 

Glens Falls 1-3-24 

Glen Lake 27 

Hague 115 

Hendrick, King 29 

Johnson, Gen 37 

-Hotels. Special head. 
Islands, ownership. .. 85 

(Special head.) 
Lake George Assem- 
bly.... 67 

Montcalm 39 

Narrows, The 97 

New Features 9 

Paradise Bay 98 

Railroads. See p. 155. 

Rogers' Slide 119 

Sabbath Day Point. . . 110 
Saratoga. See inverse 
side this book, spe- 
cial index. 

Steamboats 44-169 

St. Mary's of the Lake 6' 

Stone Face 118 

Ticonderoga (Fort) ... 132 
Ticonderoga (Village) 125 

War Vessel 56 

Williams, Col. Ephr'm 29 
WilliamsMonument.. 29 

Hotels 49-155 

Agawam 72 

Bolton House 75 

Burleigh House 126 

Carpenter House... 55 

Central Hotel .56 

Crosby side 58 

Diamond Point 

House 65 

Ft. George Hotel ... 57 
Ft. Wm. Henry 

Hotel 49 

Goodman House... 75 

Grove Hotel.. 68 

Hillside House 116 

Horican Lodge 67 

Horicon Pavilion. . . 100 
Hulett's Landing 
Hotel 109 



iisrxDEzx:- 

Hundred Island 

House 92 

Indians 36 

Island Harbor 117 

Kattskill House.... 69 

Lake House 55 

Lake View House.. 73 
Locust Grove House 74 

Marion House 71 

Mohican House 74 

Pearl Point 96 

Phcenix Hotel 115 

Rockwell House... 21 
Rising House. ... 117 
Rogers' Rock Hotel 120 

Sagamore, The 76 

Sheldon House 68 

Sherman House 99 

Stewart House 75 

Trout House 116 

Trout Pa valion 68 

Vanderberg House. 75 
Wells House 74 

Islands 

"As You Were"... 98 

Belvoir I sland 76 

Burnt Island 98 

Canoe Islands 65 

Crown Island..^ ... 76 

Diamond Island 64 

Elizabeth Island... 69 
Floating Battery... 102 
Fo u r te e n Mile 

Island 77 

Green Island 80 

Half -Way Island... 102 

Harbor Islands 103 

Hen and Chickens . . 84 

Long Island 65 

Mother Bunch 102 

Oahu Island 76 

Phantom Island 97 

Prisoners' Isle 123 

Recluse Island 72 

Scotch Bonnet 114 

Tea Island 62 

Three Sirens 102 

Vicar s Island 106 

IViaps 

Large Colored Map, 
Inside Front Cover 

Bolton 73 

Caldwell 57 

Hotels 62 

Kattskill Bay 68 

Narrows 

Ticonderoga 125 

Ticonderoga Ruins. 134 

Mountains 

Anthony's Nose 118 

Black Mountain 100 

Buck Mountain 69 

Deer's Leap 109 

Defiance 126 

Elephant, The... . 110 
Pilot Mountain.... 69 
Prospect Mountain. 57 
Rogers'Rock Moun- 
tain 119 

Shelving Rock 82 




Tongue 

Twin Mountains. . 114 

Lake Champiain 

Discovery 127 

Map 128 

Adirondack Springs. . 139 
AuSable Chasm 147 

Map 148 

Boqnet River 143 

Burlington 145 

Calamity Point 140 

Carillon 136 

Champlain's battle 

with the Iroquois . . . 133 

Colchester Point 146 

Crown Point 136 

Crown Point Ruins . . . 137 

Cumberland Head 153 

Essex 143 

Fort Caesin 141 

Fort Montgomery 153 

Fort Putnam 131 

Fort St. Frederick. ... 137 
Fort Ticonderoga 135 

Map 125 

Capture by Amherst. . 134 

Ethan Allen 135 

Burgoyne 1.35 

Ruins 132 

Map 134 

Hotels 

Allen House 140 

Green M't'n View 

House 144 

Hotel Windsor 153 

Lake House (Crown 

Point) 136 

Lake View House. . 147 

Lee House 138 

Richards House 140 

VanNess House 146 

Westport Inn : 140 

islands 

Crab Island 150 

Four Brothers 144 

Isle La Motte 153 

Juniper Island 144 

Rock Dunder 144 

South Hero 153 

Valcour Island 149 

La Plotte River 145 

Mineville 138 

Otter Creek ... .. ..141 

Plattsburgh 150 

Battle of 151 

Port Henry 138 

Port Kent 146 

Rouse's Point 153 

Skeensborough 130 

Shelburne Harbor 144 

South Bay 131 

Split Rock 141 

Steamer Chateaugay. 139 
Steamer Vermont . . . 131 
Steamer Water Lily.. 140 

Vergennes 141 

Westport 139 

Whitehall 130 

Willsborough Point. . 143 



9 




STRONG conviction 
of duty, a laudable de- 
sire to give informa- 
tion, and a philanthropic 
willingness to contribute some- 
thing, in shape of advice, to a long 
suffering people, coupled with the 
known fact that the public demand 
some source wherefrom can be drawn, 
as from a living fountain, supplies of 
knowledge, has induced the author, in a 
fit of temporary insanity, to attempt the 
semi-literary feat of perpetrating a guide 
book. 

1 shall endeavor to write of Lake George as it 
appears to me, giving my impressions of things in 
general, "with malice toward none, with charity 
for all," and if I err in judgment, if I either wrong 
or unduly extoll the virtues of any person, place 



8 Lake George. 

or thing, it will be an error of the head and not the 
heart. 

My aim is to answer questions oftenest asked, to 
tell of things that seem most to interest the publiCj 
and in so doing will probably say many foolish 
things and talk about little things, but it is well tc 
remember that life is made up of little things, and 
a laughing baby is more endurable than a cross 
philosopher, therefore do not expect bomb-shells 
from a shot gun, or very much sense in the follow- 
ing pages. 

Although the main object is to give niformation 
(for a consideration), 1 may occasionally slop over 
into sentiment, but will try and not afflict my read- 
ers very often in that way, while for the benefit of 
such as are in constant danger of making mistakes, 
I will point out places where it is considered emi- 
nently proper to go into ecstacies over scenery, 
etc. 1 am not going to write a history, however, 
because the wear and tear on an ordinary brain 
must be immense; and, moreover, the country is 
full of them. All others who have written of the 
silvery lake have made discoveries; I have not. 1 
regret exceedingly that such is the case. 1 have, 
however, served the principal events up in a new 
dress, and in the light of later revelations, twisted 
some of the old ones about so as to answer every 
purpose ; but it all happened some time ago, is, 



Ego ^ 

consequently of little interest to the general reader 
ind has, therefore, been given in small doses, which 
may be skipped at pleasure for the hotels and other 
things of the present day. 

Thank<5 arc due (in the first edition, as is custom- 
ary) to many kind friends for help in bringing it 
to a head, and especially to Dr. A. W. Hold en, 
the historian, for valuable assistance in the particu- 
lar branch which has been his life study and as such 
to be relied on. 

Prefaces are detestable and seldom read, but if 
nothing was created in vam the writer hopes, by 
putting this excuse among the legitimate reading 
matter, that some absent minded ones may possibly 
struggle through to the end before discovering 
their mistake, and thus become acquainted with a 
few of the reasons, and perhaps think kindly of 
him who now bids farewell to earthly fears, and 
wades shiveringly into the surging sea of literature. 

Glens Falls, May, 1873. 

S. R. S. 

The narrative portion and ancient history contained in the following pages 
were written as above ; the more modern history and the advice at a later date, 
at intervals when ripening years and the annual revision seemed to make such 
new matter timely. The above, which appeared in the first edition, has been 
retained as a relic of Lake George. What follows is an arrangement of old 
and new matter in convenient form, and it is believed, gives the reader about 
all the information that can be digested in a trip through the lake — the numer- 
ous cuts and small maps rendering him or her independent of outside help. 
The increasing sales have also made it possible to give the large colored 
map of Lake George, surveyed and published by the author in 1879-80 and 
revised to date, with the book without increasing the price — and yet there's 
more to follow. 

June 25, 1888. S. 




FF for Lake George! How 
the heart bounds and the pulse 
quickens at the very sound of 
the words that bring- with them 
thoughts of the holy lake. Ir 
fancy we once again breathe 
the air, heavy with the odor of 
pines and cedar, or fragrant wit! 
the breath of blossoming clover.. 

Again we wander among the daisies and but- 
tercups that gem the hillside, sloping so gently 
down to where the wavelets kiss the white 
beach, or floating among the verdant islands watch 
the sunlight and shadows chase each other up the 
mountain side, while every crag and fleecy cloud is 
mirrored in the quiet waters below. 



12 Lake George. 

On wings of thought, to realms of bhss we may go 
expeditiously and economically ; but alas ! this all 
too earthly body can reach the happy hunting 
grounds only through labor, time and — it must be 
said — money. Still, lovely things are found in 
transit; and the aoundant promises of Nature are so 
certain of fulfillment, that to enjoy her gracious 
moods in favorite haunts, the trials of travel are as 
naught ; and when there we may take satisfaction in 
the thought that not only have we the ideal outing 
within our reach but^ — if such matters shall be of 
interest to the present reader — the reduced cost of 
living, as compared with similar accommodation at 
points nearer the great centres of habitation, more 
than compensate for cost of transportation, and the 
fact that good, wholesome board can be had in 
pleasant spots on the shores of Lake George as low 
as seven dollars a week, has made this a favorite 
resort for the cultured and devoted lovers of nature 
who may be possessed of only moderate means, as 
well as for those who seek and find in the larger 
hotels first-class service at a reasonable price. 

North of Saratoga, i6 miles, is Fort Edward (the 
" great carrying place " of the Lidian, extending 
thence past Glens Falls to the head of Lake George) ; 
Fort Lyman, of colonial days, and re-named Fort 
Edward, by that great military tourist Gen. Johnson. 
Here the train divides, one part continuing along to 
Whitehall and the north ; the other to Glens Falls, 
and Caldwell, at the head of Lake George. 




UNDER THE ARCH 



Glens Falls is on the Hudson 
river, in a line between the great 
cities of New York and Montreal — 
202 miles from the former, 190 from 
the latter — and nine miles south of 
Lake George. It is reached over the 



St;-^^ 



14 Glens Falls. 

Rensselaer and Saratoga railroad to Fort Edward, 
sixteen miles north of Saratoga ; thence six miles 
on the Glens Falls branch road. The place was 
known to the Indians as Che-pon-tuc, meaning a 
difficult place to get around. In 1762 a patent of 
Queensbury was granted to several of " our loving 
subjects " by George III, a large proportion of which 
patent was purchased by Abraham Wing, who 
erected a grist and saw-mill at the falls. During the 
war of the Revolution the mills were destroyed and 
the settlers scattered. At its close they once more 
gathered around this nucleus of a thriving village, 
then generally known as Wing's Falls. In 1775 one 
Colonel Johannes Glenn, of Schenectady, bought the 
mill privilege at the south side of the river, erected 
mills, etc., and came there to live. He was of a 
convivial nature, and given occasionally to social 
larks, and once offered to pay the expense of a wine 
supper if Wing would transfer to him all right and 
title to the name of the falls. This was agreed to, 
the supper was given, notice of the change made, 
and the place became known as Glenn's Falls. 

Dividing near the head of the fall the water 
passes on either side of an island, covered in times 
of high water, the dark blue rocks seamed and 
gullied, its lower levels worn smooth by the fiercely 
rushing waters which pass over it in times of flood. 
Mills of various kinds now compass it about and a 
picturesque old covered bridge stretches to the 
north shore while a stone arch spans the gulf at the 
south. At the south end of the long bridge, steps 
lead down to the flat rock, and, near the lower end 
where it is notched and broken out, we climb down 
to the level of the water, and enter the cave made 
memorable by Cooper in one of his wild Indian 
stories. We can pass entirely through this and 
a smaller one also, by crouching low at the en-> 



Glens Falls. 



I 



trance, and rising 
gradually as we ad- 
vance to the south 
end, which opens 
over the gulf, whert 
the face of the 
savage so startled 
Cora, and revealed 
the hiding place 
to their enemies. 
Here Uncas, "the 
last of the Mo- 
hicans," watched 
while the sisters 
slept, and the 
shores on either 
side teemed with 
their savage foes. 
Now ragged ur- 
chins, fully posted 
in the wild legends 
of the place, point out the *' tiger" 
and ** serpent" in the dark rock, 
and the very ^'-dentical tree from 
which the Mingo fell when spoken 
to by the unerring rifle of ''Le 
Long Carbine y (There have been 
several of these identical trees, and 
the material is getting pretty well 
used up ; but the boys are bound 
to perpetuate the thing if it takes all the trees in the 
country.) And the story is rapidly growing to be a 
matter of Jiistory, the listener shuddering with horror 
as he pictures to himself the clinging savage and the 
wild, blood-curdhng yell that went up as, clawing 
wildly the empty air, he fell, and the dark waters 
closed over him. 

In the dry season the volume of water is confined 
within the channels worn deeper on either side, or 




1 6 Glens Falls. 

finds its way in rivuiets down across the pitted but- 
tresses of black rock. Here the ledges, which in the 
spring freshets are covered with a foaming torrent, 
are worn smooth almost as polished marble, and 
stairways formed by the hand of nature lead in places 
to the top. Scattered about in various places are 
deep holes, some of them perfectly round, and con- 
taining the waters left by the flood. One, called the 
" Devil's Punch-Bowl," is six feet in diameter and 
twelve feet deep. Another, **the Broken Basin," 
shows half of what was formerly a similar hole nearly 
twice the diameter of the Punch-Bowl. Fossils of 
various forms are found here imbedded in the rock, 
and also shells of still older periods. 

Thus, when the river is at its usual level. But 
when the rains descend and the melting snow is let 
loose in the mountains above, the scene is entirely 
changed. See, advancing from above, the dark, re- 
sistless flood, crowding on the multitude of piers 
which divide it into many rivers, and around which 
angry masses whirl, and foam, and fret, then dart 
away again. Now it feels a mysterious power draw- 
ing it onward ; the dam which here turns aside a 
portion of the water to drive great gangs of saws is 
lost under a long rounded bank of glancing water ; 
below it, a deep, smooth trough, extending from 
shore to shore. Now curling upward from its last 
long sweep — still unbroken, still dark and sullen — it 
rises as if to peer over into the gulf below, then 
breaking in lurid foam, is flung headlong downward; 
seething, boiling, foaming, leaping from rock to rock, 
turning back upon itself in impotent fury, hurling 
itself madly against the black walls, plunging down- 
ward into the echoing gulf, flashing in wildly broken 
shapes athwart the table rock, churned into white fury 
by rift and chasm, it thunders and roars, while over 
all, 'at rapidly succeeding intervals, comes a heavy 
booming as the funnel-shaped cave, like some Levia- 



Glens Falls. 17 

than of the deep, upheaves great, plume-Hke columns 
of water, pulsing with the mighty heart-beat of the 
angry Hudson. 

On either side are the various mills that have con- 
tributed to the town's prosperity; saw-mills, full of 
life and action at times, at others — and that too 
often — stilled by summer's drought or springtime 
flood ; lime kilns — clouds by day and pillars of fire 
by night — that have absorbed vast areas of the blue- 
black walls below the falls. 

The lime business is next in importance to lumber. 
Glens Falls lime, in quantity manufactured, is only 
equalled in the United States by Rockland, Me., and 
in point of quality stands at the head, the best rock 
yielding, when calcined, from ninety-five to ninety- 
eight per cent of lime, the purest and whitest to be 
found on the continent. On account of its purity, 
it is especially adapted to all chemical uses for 
which lime, either for bleaching or its caustic prop- 
erties, is required and is used extensively by tan- 
ners, bleachers of cotton goods and manufacturers 
of paper, wire, gas, glass, etc. 

The lime-producing rock is embraced in an area 
of not more than 250 acres, beginning at the head 
of the falls, and extending in a narrow belt on either 
side for perhaps near a mile down the river, the 
strata dipping slighdy toward the south, and disap- 
pearing under the hill along that side. Above, be- 
low and at the north it breaks suddenly off — a geo- 
logical "fault" — or is continued in a rock of an 
entirely different character. For a depth of about 
thirty feet the rock is in thin strata, and is used for 
curbing, building, and for the poorer quality of lime: 
then comes a stratum of grey marble, from two to 
three feet in thickness, and under this the solid black 
marble, twelve feet thick. This is almost a pure 



i8 Glens Falls. 

carbonate of lime, in its native state of a bluish gr©y ; 
polished, it is of a jet black ; calcined, it is whiter 
than snow. Lime was first burned here about the 
year 1820, by Pownell Shaw, then simply for home 
consumption. It was first manufactured and shipped 
to an outside market (Troy) by K. P. Cool, in 1832. 

There are now thirty lime-kilns, operated by 
four companies. The exportation and sales are man- 
aged by a general director or agent, who has entire 
charge of that branch of the business. T. S. Cool- 
idge, of Glens Falls, is the general agent. Sub- 
agents are appointed in the various cities where 
needed. About 500 men are employed in this in- 
dustry. The average production for the past twenty 
years has been 450,000 barrels per annum, of which 
200,000 are shipped annually to New York. The 
best grade is called Jointa lime, the word *' Jointa" 
being coined to distinguish a certain grade of lime 
produced from a rock found in Rhode Island, which, 
from its broken seams, gained the name of jointed 
rock. It was adopted by Glens Falls to designate 
the best kind made. 

The kilns used are of the patent or " perpetual " 
kind, and may be run uninterruptedly for a long 
time. They are built of limestone, lined with fire- 
brick, renewed once a year. They are about twenty- 
five feet high and eighteen square at the base, with a 
burning capacity of 100 barrels per day. The stone 
is piled on top, settling as it becomes calcined, and 
is drawn from the bottom once every eight hours. 
Two sets of hands are required, the fires running 
night and day. The wood used is the refuse from 
the saw mills. 

The black marble, which is the purest carbonate 
of lime in the world, with perhaps the exception of 
the Irish and Belgian marble, possesses the same 
characteristics, and is put to the same uses. In its 
native state it is of a dark blue; wet, it becomes 



Glens Falls. 19 

black ; polished, it shines like jet. Blocks are quar- 
ried as large as four feet square and nine feet long. 
Sawed into slabs, it is used for tiles, table tops, 
mantels, interior decorations and ornamental work. 
There are two mills here given to the sawing of this 
stone. Lumber with attendant interests give the 
main business of the town — lumber, lumber every- 
where. On either side of the falls are immense saw 
mills ; lumber lines the banks of the river away 
above, and walls in the canal up to where, at the 
" feeder dam," are more saw mills and more lumber. 
It is estimated that the sawing capacity of these 
mills is 600,000 standard logs per annum. This 
means 120,000,000 feet of lumber, or 22,727 3-10 
miles of boards a foot wide, which, if kid end to end, 
would extend nearly around the earth, and in eleven 
years would plank a comfortable walk to the moon, 
with no end of lath and slabs to throw at erratic as- 
teroids or troublesome comets. 

The number of men employed on the mills is over 
500, in addition to which are those employed on 
fifty boats used to convey the lumber to various 
points. Add to these the army of choppers and 
river drivers, nearly 1,200 in all, sent out by the mill- 
owners, and some idea can be reached of the extent 
of the work. During the fall and winter months the 
chopper plies his calling on the lumber lots belong- 
ing to the various companies, and the logs are piled 
on the banks, or rolled into the beds of the rivers, 
where a large proportion remain until the spring 
freshets carry them off. The driving begins about 
the middle of April, and continues for nearly two 
months, each firm forcing their logs to a given point 
on the main stream, after which they are taken in 
hand by a company known as the *' Hudson Rivef 
Drive," composed of all mill-owners along the Hne, 
and who force all logs along irrespective of owner- 



20 Lake George. 

ship, each firm paying pro rata for the iTumber of 
logs put in. In 1876, 2,153,350 logs were put in 
the spring drive. The average cost of driving is 
estimated at twenty cents per market log. A " mar- 
ket" is thirteen feet long and nineteen inches in 
diameter at the small end. 

The ** Big Boom," three miles above the village, 
was built and conducted by a distinct company, viz., 
all the mill-owners interested in the river work. It 
is composed of floats consisting of four sticks of tim- 
ber, each firmly secured to the other, and each float 
in turn secured to its neighbor at the end by huge 
chains working on iron wheels attached to the sev- 
eral timbers, each "justifying" and equalizing the 
strain to all alike. Here sometimes the river is one 
mass of logs, extending back from four to five miles. 
They are passed out as required under raised por- 
tions of the boom. Those intended for the first 
mills (recognized by a particular mark with which 
each company distinguishes its property) are pushed 
into leaders running to their respective mills, those 
for points farther down going through the centre, to 
be collected by similar but smaller booms, and in 
turn passed on again until their destination is 
reached. The dam before alluded to is about a mile 
and a half above the falls, and was built by the State 
to hold the water which, through the " Glens Falls 
feeder," supplies the summit level of the Champlain 
canal, entering about two miles north of Fort Ed- 
ward, and flowing thence both north and south 
through the regular canal. 

The Glens Falls Paper Mill, erected in 1864, was 
destroyed by the explosion of a boiler, July 16, 
1883. The new mill, completed in 1884, greatly 
exceeds the old one in size and appearance, and 
contains the perfected machinery for the manufac- 
ture of paper, which the intervening twenty years 
have yielded. 



Glens Falls. 21 

Glens Falls has eight churches; a union free- 
school of splendid attainments ; an academy that is 
almost collegiate in the course : an opera-house of 
metropolitan appearance and appointments ; a 
board of trade, fully alive to town interests ; nu- 
merous civic societies of varying objects and im- 
portance ; a military company of high rank and a 
salvation army — small, but mighty of voice ; horse- 
cars that go on runners in the winter and make 
money the year 'round ; a " creamery " which pro- 
duces butter on scientific principles ; a base-ball 
club composed of men of brawn, who can worry 
the crack nines of the country wofully; electric 
lights — and ten thousand inhabitants, who live 
m.ostly in houses of their own, and are justly proud 
of the wide-awake town from which they haiL 

The Glens Falls Insurance Company, located 
here, has made the name of its birth-place and 
residence familiar throughout the country, for it 
has agencies from Boston to San Francisco. Or- 
ganized in 1849, ^t has attained a national promi- 
nence and reputation as one of the soundest insti- 
tutions of the kind in existence, and many a Lake 
George tourist knows more about this company 
and its officers than about the beautiful village 
after which it was named. Its officers are R. M. 
Little, president ; J. L. Cunningham, secretary ; 
R. A. Little, general agent. 

The Rockwell House, on Fountain Square, is the 
leading hotel, and recognized as one of the best- 
kept hotels in the State. It is very complete in 
all its appointments, provides an excellent table, 
and is thoroughly worthy of the very liberal patron- 
age it receives. C. L. Rockwell, proprietor. 



22 Glens Falls. 

The American Hotel, on Monument Square, en- 
joys a wide-spread reputation for its wholesome 
fare. George Pardo, proprietor. The Nelson 
House, on Bay Street, is a temperance house of 
good repute and reasonable rates. The Granger 
House has a good local patronage. There are 
others, and, from the number, the visitor, be he 
never so particular, ought to — and presumably will 
— find something to suit. 

Upwards of 50 stores — some of them models of 
elegance, and far above the average of towns of its 
size — supply resident and visitor with necessary 
and fancy articles unlimited. Those who may need 
anything, from an organ to an octopus, can usually 
have their wishes gratified here, and to that end 
are referred to the appendix, where almost every 
branch of trade and industry is represented by 
thoroughly responsible firms. Some of these firms 
are worthy of special mention. 

The collar and shirt factories give employment to 
a large number of workers, and are celebrated for 
the superiority of their productions, the pure water 
making perfect laundrying a possibility. The Glen 
Shirt Co., of which Joseph Fowler and D. S. Rob- 
ertson are proprietors, gives work to nearly 1,000 
employees, with capacity for turning out 1,000 
shirts and 6,000 collars and cuffs per week. Their 
specialty is medium and fine grade goods, and 
there is probably not a city of 15,000 inhabitants in 
the Union that has not its regular customers of this 
firm. They have offices at 9 East 4th Street, New 
York, 403 Market Street, Philadelphia, and, 121 Tre- 
mont Street, Boston. Van Wagner & Norris are 
known as a reliable firm, and make a specialty of 



6lens Falls. 23 

fine Custom Work. They are energetic and well 
known to the trade, keeping agents on the road the 
year round. The '' Canopy-top Buckboard," manu- 
factured here, is celebrated from Maine to Mexico 
The "Time Globe," invented by L. P. Juvet, of 
this town, is known of scientific men in two hemis- 
pheres. 

The Glens Falls Terra-Cotta and Brick Co. em- 
ploy upwards of 100 men in the manufacture of red 
and buff pressed and molded brick and architec- 
tural terra-cotta for exterior and interior ornamen- 
tation. They own extensive beds of marl and clay 
lying near, and a patent process for combining the 
same in a manner resulting in works of superior 
beauty and finish. J. M. Coolidge is president of 
the company, and Charles Scales superintendent. 

The works near the depot, for separating iron 
ore, by a secret magnetic process, of which Guerdon 
Conkling is the inventor, are attracting considerable 
attention among scientific men with iron tendencies. 

Crandall's greenhouse, near the toll-gate, is one 
of the exhibits of the town. The proprietor is a 
practical florist and horticulturist. He has in stock 
many rare and beautiful flowers, and bedding 
plants in endless variety, and is an artist in the ar- 
rangement of mosaics, borders, and masses. 

Opposite the greenhouse is the nursery of W. J. 
Chapman, which may be visited to advantage by 
those who are interested in the successful cultiva- 
tion of hardy fruits, shrubbery, and ornamental 
trees appropriate to this northern latitude. 

Still others, who delight in poultry, blooded dogs, 
and such like, will be interested in the establish- 
ment of H. R. T. Coffin, a mile north of the village. 



24 Glens Falls. 

Protection against fire is insured by an excellent 
firr department, with a supply of water brought from 
tlie Luzerne Mountains, five miles distant, through 
pipes, the head being such that a half dozen streams 
can be thrown ordinarily to the tops of the highest 
buildings. In addition to the regular force, pro- 
tection against burglars, tramps and all men of sin 
is secured by the presence of a large and gallant 
array of uniformed police. 

The Soldiers' Monument is a 
beautiful specimen of art, dedi- 
cated to " our heroic dead," and 
a fitting tribute to the memory 
of those who gave. up their lives 
in the war for the Union. It is 
of Dorchester freestone, forty-six 
feet high, and erected by R. T. 
Baxter in 1867-8, at a cost of 
$ 1 2 ,000. Past this, in a northerly 
direction, the huge stages went 
of old, out into the country and 
over the plank-road to Lake 
George, nine miles away. 
This road is owned by a stock company, of which 
Joseph Fowler is president, and T. M. Coolidge 
secretary and treasurer. It is one of the smoothest 
and best tended plank-roads in the country, and one 
of the most delightful, leading as it does through a 
sectiqn abounding in romantic and historic interest, 
and of the most beautiful scenery. 





ON THE PLANK, 



MEMORY of the past comes to me 
as I write, of good old days now 
past and gone ; the lumbering stage 
where now goes swiftly glancing 
cars ; the four and six-horse teams 
now crowded out by a monster 
^ breathing steam and smoke ; and 
of sounding plank in place of ribs 
of shining steel. More comfort- 
able now, undoubtedly, but the 
poetry is gone with the past for 
romance went with the primitive, and the new things 
of tTie age have made living commonplace at last. 
The memory remains, however, of the stage of old, 
with its overhanging load of pleasure seekers in 
brave attire, suggestive of some huge bouquet of 
gaily colored flowers, rocking and swaying from side 
to side as it bowled merrily along through the 




Lake George. 



27 



shaded streets and out across the plain, creeping up 
the long hill, then down into the valley, on the 
other side, where ragged youngsters pelted us with 
great, creamy pond lillies ; the stop at the Half- 
Way House, where thirsty ones partook of liquid 
refreshments such as Brown alone could prepare; 
the rapidly changing views, as with swinging gait 
we covered the winding forest road ; of Williams' 
Monument and Bloody Pond ; and 
tlien the ecstasy of the moment 
when, leaving the woods. Lake 
George in all its beauty, lay 
beneath our enraptured vis- 
ion. Now the days of 
scrambling for the de- 
sirable outside seats at 
Glens Falls, are no 
more, but, after 




stopping at the station, the train backs away a 
short distance, then goes forward again and turning 
to the right makes straight across the plain for the 
notch at the left of French Mountain, through 
which Lake George is reached. 

Glen Lake, a pretty sheet of water, something 
more than two miles long. It is about four miles 



28 Half-Way House. 

from Glens Falls, the road passing along its west 
end. This has become of late quite a noted place 
of resort for parties from the surrounding country 
for quiet fishing and boating, for rustic chowder 
parties, and as training ground for enthusiastic ca- 
noeists, of which Glen's Falls furnishes a number. 
Just before coming in sight of Glen Lake the train 
passes between Brown Pond on the left and Mud 
Pond on the right, the latter separated from the lake 
by only a narrow strip. Climbing the steep grade 
north of Glen Lake, we soon pass George Brown's 
noted place at French mountain. 

The Half-Way House, famous of old for its 
lemonades and game dinners, lost with the advent 
of the railroad its old-time business, and now, al- 
though as attractive as ever- in its surroundings, it 
lacks the excitement of the arrival and departure of 
the great lumbering stages and dashing tally-ho's 
with their loads of pleasure seekers to make merry 
the heart of its genial landlord, George Brown. 
Now " Uncle George " has gone with the crowd to 
Lake George, 

From Brown's northward, the road winds along 
through Bloody Run, the plank parallel with it half 
way up on the west bank of the ravine. The place 
where Williams fell is indicated by a plain blue and 
white marble shaft, standing on a huge bowlder, some 
distance north of the Half-Way House, and may be 
seen from the car window at one particular point. 



Williams' Monument. 



29 




Williams* Monument 
was erected in 1854 by the 
graduates of Williams' Col- 
lege, in memory of the found- 
er of that institution. On it 
are inscriptions in Latin, to 
show the learning of those 
who erected it, and in En- 
glish, to show what it is all 
about ; from it we learn that 
it was *' erected to the memory 
of Colonel Ephraim Williams, a native of New- 
towHy Mass., whoy after gallantly defending the fron- 
tiers of his native State^ served under General John- 
wn against the French and Indians^ and nobly fell 
near this spot, in the bloody conflict of September 8, 
[755, in the 42^ year of his age. 

Some say that Williams received his death 
<vound while standing on the rock, but it is not 
probable, for he knew too much about Indian 
fighting to expose himself thus unnecessarily; he 
fell near by, however, and at the same time, a 
greater than he, — the old Mohawk Chief King 
H END RICK, who as he neglected to endow a col- 
lege, IS seldom mentioned, in connection with the 
place. The old military road ran just above the 
rock. 

The country over which we are now passing is 
crowded with historic interest, and replete with 
wild legends of the past ; it is ^e '^Dark and Bloody 
Ground; *' and on the day wnen Williams fell was 
one great battle field, over which the tide swept, 
carrying at its flood the victorious French even to 



30 Bloody Pond. 

the gates of the English camp at the Holy Lake, 
and ebbing bore them back, defeated, over the road 
that had witnessed their victorious advance of th« 
morning. 

Bloody Pond is two miles south of Lake George, 
the cars passing a little way off on the east. It is 
simply a stagnant pool that in the early part of 
the season is nearly covered with lily-pads and 
great white pond-lillies, and in the summer be- 
comes almost dry. It is said that a party of the 
French, who (after driving the English into their for 
tified camp at Lake George, and were in turn driven 
back), were seated around the pond at sunset, pai 
taking of their evening meal, when they were sur- 
prised by a party of English advancing from Fort 
Edward, who poured in upon them a destructive 
fire. The French, totally routed, fled in confusion, 
leaving their dead and wounded on the field, and 
their blood mingling with the water is said to have 
turned it red, from which circumstance it received 
its name. Here we reach the highest point in our 
ride, and soon we see gleaming through the trees 
Horican, **the silvery water," a pearl in one of 
Nature's grandest settings of emerald, and beauti- 
ful beyond description. 

From where the road winds around the hill, 
down to the border of the lake, is a mile of 
checkered field and wood ; in the center, hidden in 
the grove of pines that line the shore, are the grass- 
grown ruins of Fort George. On the right, across 
the valley, is French mountain, sloping down to the 
lake, where, at the point, is " Crosbyside." On the 



Lake George. 31 

west, under the shadow of Mount Prospect, lies 
the little village of Caldwell. A little nearer, and 
covered with stately pines, are the ruins of Fort 
William Henry ; close beside them the hotel bear- 
ing the same name. On the high land west of Fort 
George was the old entrenched camp, to which the 
English fled when pursued by Dieskau. Beyond, 
toward the north, the lake stretches away, dotted 
with verdant islands and hemmed in by mountains 
that seem to approach each other, until the way is 
blocked by the misty, dome-like form of Tongue 
mountain. 

Fort Gage once stood on the hill which rises at 
the left, and the outline of the earthworks may still 
be traced through the trees that cover it. At the 
time of Abercrombie's advance this slope was cleared 
down to the water's edge, almost a mile away, and 
here one day, while awaiting orders to advance, a 
party of scouts played at the New England game of 
"jumping the stick;" among them Putnam, Stark 
and Lord Howe, and the latter jumped highest of 
them all. This historic spot is now the camp meet- 
ing ground of that substantial society known as 
Spiritualists. It is laid out in streets and squares ; 
a coming city, which will, undoubtedly — when the 
conditions are favorable — materialize in duq and 
regular form. 




LAKE GEORGE. 

AKE GEORGE is situated at the south- 
western margin of the great Adiron- 
dack wilderness, 31 miles north of 
Saratoga, 211 miles from New York, 
and 184 from Montreal. It is a little 
over 33 miles long, running north and 
south ; nearly four wide at the broadest place, sur- 
rounded by high mountains; drains but little terri- 
tory, and is fed by brooks from the mountain sides, 
and springs coming up from the bottom. It is 346 
feet above tide-water, and 247 above Lake Cham- 
plain, into which it empties. It was said to contain 
365 islands until the unimmaginative survey of 1880 
reduced the number to 220, which number in- 
cludes every considerable rock around which the 
water breaks. 

Good sport can be had by skilfull anglers with 
proper knowledge of the best ground, which can 
be obtained by the employment of competent guides 
and fishermen. The game fish are lake trout and 
black bass. The trout are usually taken by deep 
trolling, and with live bait at the various trout buoys 
(anchored by fishermen at various places, where 
dead bait is dumped daily, and generally respected 
as private property) ; black bass by trolling or still 
fishing over rocky ground. 



Brook fishing also makes a fair return for labor 
expended ; the yield in the various streams empty- 



Game Laws. 33 

ing Into the lake being in ratio to the whipping they 
get. Here the various flies, which are comparatively 
valueless for lake fishing, may be used to advantage. 

Fishermen have from $2.50 to $3.00 per day, fur- 
nishing boat and every thing necessary for the 
sport, and, to Dc assured of any success, it will be 
necessary to have one along who knows the ground. 

The course usually pursued is to go to the nar- 
rows, or other determined point, taking small boat 
aboard the Horicon, or towing behind one of the 
smaller steamers ; the price for carrying or towing 
boat is usually 50 cents. The small steamers will 
stop at any point in their course to pick up or drop 
parties v/ho so will. 

The State being favored with a game law, it will 
be perceixed that it is not proper to do some things 
at all times, but every thing m its season. 

The time for taking brook trout is from May i to 
Sept. 15 ; lake trout, May i to October i ; black bass, 
August I to January i ; California trout. May i to 
September 15 ; pickerel. July i to February 15. 

Season for shooting duck, goose, brant, Sept. i to 
May i; woodcock, August i to Jan. i; quail, Nov. i 
to Jan. i; ruffed grouse or partridge, Sept. i tojan. i. 

Season for shooting deer, Aug. 15 to Nov. i. 

No trespassing on lands without permission, nor 
shooting on Sunday. 

There is no law against shooting bears, which was 
probably an oversight, but those found guilty of tak- 
ing muscallonge, moose or caribou at Lake George, 
will be severely dealt with, as the law is very strict on 
these points, and the game constables are always on 
the warpath. 



34 Lake George. 

The existence of Lake George was first made 
known to Europeans through the writings of Samuel 
de Champlain, in 1609, then called by the Indians, 
Andia-to-roc-te (place where the lake contracts). 
He, however, went no further than the falls at Ti. 

In the month of August, 1642, a war party of 
Iroquois, returning from Canada to their homes in 
the Mohawk Valley, passed through Lake George 
with three prisoners, tortured, maimed and bleeding. 
They were a French Jesuit, Father Jogues, Rene Gou- 
pil and Guillame Couture, the first white men known 
to have seen the Lake of the Blessed Sacrament. 

Again, on the 29th of May, 1646, Father Jogues 
with Sieur Bourdon, engineer in chief on the gover- 
nor's staff, and six friendly Indians arrived at the out- 
let, and, it being the eve of the festival of Corpus 
Christi, in commemoration of the day, called it ** the 
Lake of the Blessed Sacrament." For a hundred 
and nine years it bore its beautiful name of Lac Du 
St. Sacrajncnt, and then in 1755, General Johnson 
encamped at its head and called it Lake George in 
honor of George the Second, the then reigning king 
of Great Britain. 

Horican, the •* silvery water," was simply a fancy 
of Cooper's. He says: "It occurred to me that 
the French name of this lake was too complicated, 
the American too common-place, and the Indian 
too unpronounceable for either to be used famiUarly 
in a work of fiction,"* so he called it '* Horican." 
The name has been generally accepted as historical 

* " The last of the Mohicans." Introduction to editipn of 1851. New York, 
George P. Putnam. 



Father Jogues. 35 

and advanced by admirers as one more indication 
of the poetic temperament and appreciation of the 
beautiful fitness of things possessed by the noble red 
man. It is not explained, however, why, in these 
later days, Cooper's creation is accepted as the namey 
while his spelling is ignored. 

Isaac Jogues, who first saw, and seeing, wrote of 
Lake George, was born at Orleans, Jan. lo, 1607; 
entered the Jesuit Society at Rouen, 1624, and 
three years later removed to the college of La 
Fletche. He completed his divinity studies at Cler- 
mont College, Paris, and was ordained Priest in 
February, 1636. In the spring of that year he 
embarked as a missionary for Canada, arriving early 
in July, and soon proceeded to his far-away station 
on the Otawa river in the land of the Hurons. On 
his return from Quebec where he came for sup- 
plies in 1642, he was captured wdth his party and 
carried through Lake George to the Mohawk, suffer- 
ing torture at that and various other times. The 
following year, in July, he made his escape by aid of 
the Dutch at Ft. Orange, who sent him to France, 
where he arrived about Christmas, and was received 
with great honor and reverence. In 1644 he re- 
turned to Canada, and in 1646 returned by the 
old route to his former masters, the Mohawks, a 
missionary from his superior, and an ambassador for 
the French nation, to ratify a treaty with the savages. 
Once more he returned to Canada, and once more 
passed over the holy lake to his '* Mission of the 
Martyrs," where on his arival he was met by torture 
and paid the penalty of his zeal with his pure de- 
voted self-sacrificing life. 



36 Lake George. 

In 1609, Hendrick Hudson ascended the North 
river to its junction with the Mohawk, and the same 
year Champlain sailed as far south as Ticonderoga, 
on the lake which now bears his name. At that 
time the Algonquins occupied the land north of the 
St. Lawrence, and the Five Nations (a powerful con- 
federacy, consisting of the Mohawks, Oneidas, Oiion- 
dagas, Cayngas, and Senecas), were gathered in the 
valley of the Mohawk. The tribes of the north 
and south were continually at war with each other. 
The land between the St. Lawrence and the Mo- 
hawk was debatable ground, and the country along 
the shores of St. Sacrament and Champlain was a 
solitude, for the lakes, stretching north and south, 
formed a pathway through the wilderness, over 
which savage nations were constajitly going to war 
against each other. This had driven all who were 
inclined to occupy the land beyond the mountains ; 
and presumably this is why it received its Indian 
name, signifying '' the lake that is the gate of the 
country." 

The English secured their right to the country 
claimed by the Five Nations by virtue of a treaty 
with that people ; the French claimed it by right of 
Champlain's discovery. Both nations aimed to 
keep the friendship of the Indian tribes, in which 
the French met with the greater success. They 
were constantly extending their lines, and sending 
over zealous missionaries and enterprising traders, 
who carried glass beads, fire-water, and the bread of 
life to the red man, and created a great revival of 
religion among them, in consequence of which a 
good many English scalps were taken. 

In 1 73 1 the French advanced to Crown Point 



Historical— I73I-I755- 37 

and built a fort, which they called " St. Frederick." 
The slow English remonstrated, but took no active 
measures to resist the advance on what they 
claimed as their territory. The Indians that gath- 
ered around the French fort were a constant men- 
ace to the exposed home of the English settlers of 
the upper Hudson, and often was the story told of 
a sudden descent on some unprotected point, a rifle 
shot, a gleaming knife or bloody tomahawk, and a 
retreat by the- light of a burning building. In the 
words of the French concerning their Indian allies, 
they occasionally " struck a blow and returned with 
some scalps." 

In time the English realized that something more 
effective than protests would* be needed to resist 
the encroachment of the French, and in 1755 Gen- 
eral, afterward Sir William, Johnson was dispatched 
to take charge of the little affair. He arrived at 
the head of Lac du St. Sacrament August 28th, 
and at once renamed the lake, calling it Lake 
George, in honor of the then reigning King of 
Great Britain. Not content with this hydraulic vic- 
tory he issued a proclamation, in which he said : 
*' I propose to go down this lake with a part of the 
army, and take post at the end of it, at a pass 
called ' Ticonderogue,' there to await the coming 
up of the rest of the army, and then attack Crown 
Point." While General Johnson w^as waiting to 
note the effect of his proclamation, the Baron Dies- 
kau, with 1,400 men, 600 of whom were Indians, ad- 
vanced, September 8th, to attack Fort Lyman, now 
Fort Edward. When within four miles of the fort, 
the Indians refused to proceed further, it is thought 
from their known fear of cannon. Dieskau then 



38 Lake George. 

turned the head of his little army toward Lake 
George, and had reached the place where Williams' 
monument now stands, when news was brought that 
the English were advancing toward them. Form- 
ing an ambush in shape of a hollow square, open to- 
ward the north ; the points extending on each side 
of the road, the French awaited the coming of the 
enemy, which soon appeared — i,ooo English and 
200 Indians — under Col. Ephraim Williams and 
old King Hendrick. It happened that among 
Dieskau's Indians were some of the great league of 
the Iroquois, who, seeing that the English were ac- 
companied by a party of their sworn friends, fired 
guns in the air as a warning, and, by this act, turned 
what might have been the annihilation of the de- 
tachment into simply a bad defeat. The French 
opened fire, at once. Colonel Williams and King 
Hendrick fell, and their followers retreated, followed 
by the French. The noise of the engagement was 
heard at Lake George, and a force of 300 was dis- 
patched to the assistance of the English, while 
breastworks of fallen trees were thrown up with all 
haste in front of the camp. Soon came the English 
in confusion, closely pursued by the French. The 
guns of the English could not be brought to bear, 
without injuring friend and foe alike, and it ap- 
peared to be Dieskau's object to keep thus close on 
the heels of the retreating English, and enter the 
fortified camp with them ; but as, with joyful 
shouts, the survivors tumbled over the logs among 
their friends, they, with wonder, beheld the French 
halt while the Indian allies skulked in the swamps. 
The pause was for a few minutes only, but it af- 
forded the English time to perfect their plans of de- 



Historical — 1755-1757. 39 

fense, and, when the French did finally advance, 
they were received by a well-worked battery against 
which they could not prevail. The attack was 
spirited, and the defense stubborn. The engage- 
ment began a little before noon, and lasted until 
about four o'clock, when the enemy retreated, and 
the English took their turn at pursuit. Dieskau 
was wounded and taken prisoner, dying afterward, 
it is said, from the effect of his wounds. Johnson 
was also wounded early in the day, and .the com- 
mand devolved on General Lyman, who behaved 
with unexceptionable bravery throughout the en- 
tire engagement. 

The French loss, killed and wounded, was nearly 
400 men ; the English about 300. Johnson, having 
earned glory enough, spent the remainder of the 
season in building Fort William Henry. 

In March, 1757, Vaudreuil, with 1,500 French 
and Indians, came over the ice to attack Fort Wil- 
liam Henry. The attack was made at two o'clock 
on the morning of the 19th, but the garrison was 
apprised of the enemy's approach and repulsed him 
successfully. He succeeded, however, in burning a 
number of sloops and batteaux, that were frozen in 
the ice, in front of the fort. 

Early in August, following Vaudreuil's unsuccess- 
ful attack, the Marquis de Montcalm, with nearly 
8,000 French and Indians, advanced on Fort Wil- 
liam Henry. Colonel Monro was then in command 
of the fort. He withstood the siege for six days in 
hopes of relief from General Webb ; but, receiving 
none, sent a messenger to Montcalm stating the 
terms on which he would surrender. The terms 
were substantially that the English should be 



40 



Lake George. 



allowed to march out with the honors of war, car- 
rying arms and baggage. They were agreed to, 
and at noon the next day the English marched 
over to the entrenched camp, there to remain until 
the following morning, leaving the sick and 
wounded under the protection of the French gen- 
eral. But, even while they were passing out, the 




Indians swarmed in through the embrasures, at. 
tacking the sick and helpless. The horrible scenes 
that followed are thus described by Father Robaud 
in his '' Relations : " ''I saw one of these bar- 
barians come forth out of the casements, which 
nothing but the most insatiate avidity for blood 
could induce him to enter, for the infected atmos- 
phere which exhaled from it was insupportable, car- 



Historical — 1757. 41 

rying in his hand a human head, from which 
streams of blood were flowing, and which he pa- 
raded as the most valuable prize he had been able 
to seize." 

In the morning, when the English marched out 
of the entrenched camp, and, protected by three 
hundred French, the insufficiency of their escort be- 
came apparent. The savages swarmed in the 
woods on every side, and hung like a dark storm- 
cloud along their path. Low, ominous muttering, 
like distant thunder, came from the surging crowd, 
rising higher and higher, until, with fierce yells, 
they fell on the panic-stricken English, and struck 
them down in the face of their helpless guard. 
Soon all semblance of order ceased, the march 
changing into a selfish race for life. The butchery, 
which at first was the work of a few, became gen- 
eral ; the savages murdered helpless women and 
children, and tore men from the ranks, and, like 
wild beasts, fought among themselves for the sick- 
ening prize of a human scalp. 

It is difficult to exonerate Montcalm from all 
blame, for he knew the nature of the savages, and 
their treatment of the sick and wounded in the old 
fort the day before, and still, with 6,000 French at 
command, sent only 300 to protect a long line of 
men, women, and children from wild beasts, thirst- 
ing for their blood. The number that perished is 
unknown, but has been estimated by some as high 
as 1,500. 

Their object accomplished, the French returned 
north, leaving the fort a heap of smouldering ruins, 
and the bones of the English bleaching in the sun. j 

Another act in the great drama of the Lake. A 



42 Lake George. 

year has passed away, and the curtain rises on a 
scene of wondrous beauty. The same old moun- 
tains slope down, amphitheater-like, around the 
lake ; the mists of midsummer hang^ over the land ; 
martial music fills the air. The sound of bugles and 
of highland pipes echo from the mountain side, and 
a thousand boats, bearing 15,000 men, in all the 
varied colors of royal court, of clan and forest, with 
banners waving, and hearts beating high with hope, 
move away down the glassy lake. 

Thus, on the morning of July 5th, 1758, Aber- 
crombie embarked and sailed to the attack of Fort 
Ticonderoga. On the following day, at Trout-Brook, 
Lord Howe fell, and the evening of the 9th saw the 
inglorious return of the defeated army. 

The following year Amherst passed the same way, 
capturing Ticonderoga and Crown Point, and driving 
the French into Canada. 

Fort William Henry is described as square, built 
of pine logs covered with sand, flanked by bastions 
at the four corners, and surrounded by a deep ditch. 
The ruins are in the sandy, tree-covered bluff west 
of the railroad depot, between it and the Fort Wil- 
liam Henry Hotel. The outline is still preserved, 
showing the form of the old fort, nearly square, 
flanked on the west, south, and a part of the east 
side, by a ditch, and on the north by the lake. The 
" Old Fort Well " still remains near the east side, 
partially filled with stones and rubbish. Just where 
the fence which now incloses the grounds on the 
east would run, if continued out into the lake, deep 
under water, is the old Fort dock. Beyond the 
dock a little way, may be seen, on a still day, the 



Fort George. 43 

charred remains of an old hulk, with blackened ribs 
and keel half hidden in the sand, supposed to have 
been one of the number sunk by Vaudreuil in Feb- 
ruary, 1757. Shell and cannon balls have been 
taken from it at different times, and in 1820 two 
small cannon were removed from the wreck. 

Fort George is a half-mile east of old Fort Wil- 
liam Henry, back on the low bluff, around which 
the railroad swings as it turns away from the lake. 
It was built in 1759, by General Amherst,. the por- 
tion completed being but a bastion of what was then 
designed for an extensive fortification. It was oc- 
cupied as a military post while the necessity for one 
lasted. Commanded (!) in 1775 by Capt. John 
Nordberg, 'Mn a little cottage as a Hermit where I 
was very happy for six months ; " taken possession 
of by Col. Bernard Romans, May 12 (two days after 
the capture of Ticonderoga by Ethan Allen), and 
held by the Americans until the close of the Revo- 
lution. It is now but a great heap of earth, sloping 
off from the edge to toward the centre and north, 
held in place by the walls, which are quite well pre- 
served on the east side. The greater portion of the 
stonework has been removed, and burned into lime. 

On the table land, a little to the southwest of the 
fort, was the old entrenched camp, the scene of 
Dieskau's defeat by General Johnson in 1755. 




STEAMBOATS. 

HE first steamboat to ply the waters of 
Lake George was the James CALD- 
WELL, Captain W in ans, commanding-, 
put upon the lake about 1816 to *20. It 
had two long boilers and a brick smoke 
stack, and could go the entire length 
of the lake in one day — nearly, if not 
quite, as quick as a smart man would row the dis- 
tance ; but this stupendous achievement of engineer- 
mg skill could never have been attained without 
the connivance of the evil one, so it was very prop- 
erly struck by lightning on one of its early trips ; 
and, as even this warning did not prevent the stiff- 
necked owners from attempting to run her the 
second year, she was very mysteriously burned — 
with fire — while lying at her dock at Caldwell. It 
was thought, however, that she caught fire from 
over-insurance. 

The next boat that kissed the wave was the 
Mountaineer, commanded by Captain Laribee, 
and built about 1824. This boat, it is said, was 
sided with three layers of boards : the first running 
fore and aft, the second from keel to wale, then a 
layer of tarred paper ; and the outer boards, running 
fore and aft again, all fastened together with wooden 
pins, making a very strong basket-like boat, which, 
when the waves ran high, would bend and twist 
about in a way that eels might envy and vainly 
strive to imitate. This also required nearly the 
whole day to make the length of the lake; and 
while her commander, out of gallantry to the 



Lake George. ^^ 

ladies, would " slow up " to take one aboard, it was 
considered an unwarrantable loss of time to stop 
for a man, as any good oarsman could row out and 
put a passenger into the steamer's yawl, which was 
always towing behind, without interfering with her 
headway in the least. The passenger in the yawl 
could then pull up by the tow-hne and climb on to 
the steamer's deck without much trouble. She ran 
until 1836. 

In 1838 the William Caldwell came on and 
ran until 1850, when the John Jay, Capt. J. Gale, 
took her place, running until 1856, when, on the 
twenty-ninth of July of that year, as she was 
passing Friend's Point, on the home trip, a fire broke 
out in the engine room, and spread so rapidly that 
they could not hope to save her. Rounding Walto- 
nian Isle the bow was pointed toward the shore, 
the intention being to run her on the beach a little 
north of Hague. Capt. E. S. Harris, then pilot, 
stood at the wheel until the tiller ropes burned off, 
then going aft shipped the tiller and steered by 
guess. Blinded by the smoke they missed the 
beach, struck on a rock and rebounding, slid back 
into deep water, where it burned down and sunk. 
Six Hves were lost on this occasion. 

A young man, living there, threw off his outer 
clothing, saved six persons from the burning vessel, 
and while he was doing it some public spirited 
person stole his watch. 

** Old Dick," who, for several years, wandered 
up and down the lake, with his box of ** Rattell 
Snaicks," at " sixpents site," was aboard when the 
fire broke out. The box containing the ** snaicks * 



4^ Steamboats. 

was washed ashore, with a Httle girl chnging to one 
end, while, from the trap-door at the other, which 
had become unfastened, the heads of the reptiles 
were lifted up, swaying and moving about as they 
were tossed by the waves, and as the box touched 
the shore they glided over the side, across the beach, 
and disappeared in the thicket. 

The MiNNE-HA-HA was built at the outlet of the 
lake in 1857, and ran until displaced by the Horicon 
in 1877, having seen 20 years of service. She was 
a side-wheel steamer 144 feet long, 22 feet beam, 
36 feet to the outside of her guards and drew 4 feet 
of water. When the Horican came on, the engine 
was removed from the Minne-ha-ha, and her hull 
sold to Cyrus Butler, Esq., of New York, who con- 
verted it into a sort of floating summer house. It 
was moored in the little bay on the north side of 
Black Mountain Point pending the erection of the 
hotel there, during which time it served in the ca- 
pacity of a public house. It is designed eventually 
to place it in Red Rock Bay for its owner's private 
use. 

The Horicon (side-wheel steamer) was built at the 
old steamboat landing near the outlet in 1876, ex- 
pressly for pleasure travel. It is of fine model, graceful 
poise, and fast withal, being able to go 20 miles an 
hour under favorable conditions. The length of keel 
is 196 feet (203 over all), S-A" feet hold, 30-ro- beam 
(about 52 feet wide over all), is of 643 tons burden, 
and privileged to carry 150 passengers, which means 
all the way to 1.050. Her engine was taken from 
the ** Champlain " (wrecked on Lake Champlain i^ 



Lake George. 47 

1875), and her bell from the old ''United States." 
Three state-rooms are provided for guests or pas- 
sengers, and arrangements are made for dining such 
as desire. The crew consists of three officers and 
nine men. The saloon occupies the entire breadth 
of the boat between the wheel-houses, and is 108 
feet long, finished in butternut and black walnut, 
and lighted with ground glass of two designs. Broad 
covered decks afford the tourist the best of an 
opportunity to view the passing scenery. 

The TICONDEROGA, (side-wheel steamer), was 
built at the company's ship yard near the outlet, 
and launched with appropriate ceremonies August 
23, 1883. Its dimensions are 172 feet in length 
over all, 28 feet beam and 9 feet hold. The greatest 
width at guards is 46 feet, ordinary draft when 
loaded 4J feet. A vertical beam engine with 40- 
inch cylinder and 9 feet stroke gives ample power 
and necessary speed. Its interior finish is of native 
woods and the general arrangement is such as will 

The through boats on Lake George are the 
" Horicon," Capt. J. H. Manville, and the " Ticon- 
deroga," Capt. Richard Arbuckle. 

One of the boats of this line leaves Caldwell at 
about 10 a.m., touches at the principal points on the 
way, arrives at Baldwin about noon, where passengers 
are transferred by rail, six miles, to the Champlain 
boat at Fort Ticonderoga, on which they may proceed 
northward or land at the ruins of Fort Ticonderoga, 
and follow by train later in the day, overtaking steam- 
boat passengers at Plattsburgh. All tickets are good 
by either boat or rail from Ticonderoga or the reverse. 



48 Lake George. 

In the afternoon the Lake George boat returns 
from Baldwin, reaching Caldwell to connect with 
train south to night boats at Troy and Albany. 

The second boat of the line leaves Baldwin at 
about 7.30 A. M. for Caldwell, touching at all land- 




ings on the way. Returning, leaves Caldwell at 
4.30 P. M., or on arrival of the train from the south. 

The " Lillie M. Price " makes excursions morning 
and afternoon from Caldwell, through the Narrows, 
threading the intricate channels of the " Hundred 
Islands" to French Point, and into Paradise Bay, 
touching at all hotels on the way, and affording one 
of the most delightful of trips. Fare, 50 cents each 
way. 

The smaller steamers may be chartered at from 
$15 to $25 per day. 



HOTELS. 

Fort William Henry Hotel, T. E. Roessle, 
owner and proprietor. P. O., Lake George. Ca- 
pacity, 600. Board, $17.50, $21, $25, and $28 per 
week, according to room. 

Lake George was rediscovered, in 1868 by T. 
Roessle & Son, who reconstructed the old wigwam 
at its head to such an extent that its former friends 
could hardly recognize it in the elegant structure 
now known as the Fort William Henry Hotel. It 
is five stories high, surmounted by a mansard roof, 
and has a lake frontage of 334 feet. Along the 
north side, facing the lake, extends a piazza 25 feet 
wide, with corinthian columns 30 feet in height. 
Above the centre rises a dome flanked by towers, 
while at the east end of the building is another 
tower. It is well-balanced, graceful in outline, rich 
in detail, and is one of the most imposing struc- 
tures of the kind in the country. Under the cen- 
tral dome is the general office, a place af general in- 
terest, always attractive, and much frequented by 
the lady guests of the house. The ceilings, walls, 
and interior decorations are in the best of taste, and 
the furnishing luxuriuos, according with the high 
standard of excellence decreed for a first-class 
American hotel. 

Within the general office are railroad and tele- 
graph offices, and the book, news, and photograph 
stand, well stocked with summer goods and novel- 
ties. West of the office is the drawing-room. On 
the east are suites of rooms,, bijou parlors, and a 



Fort William Henry Hotel. 



51 



large billiard-hall. At the south is the grand 
dining-room, and, west of this, a glass-enclosed ve- 
randa, forming a second smaller one, cosy and at- 
tractive, for special occasions. A fast-running ele- 
vator makes the upper floors almost as desirable as 




FORT WILLIAM HENRY HOTEL — FROM THE EAST. 



the lower ones. Stock reports are received hourly 
during the day, and daily concerts are given by an 
excellent band. 

From the little balcony, hanging like a martin- 
box high up on the dome, the tastefully-arranged 
grounds lie spread out like a map beneath, and the 
beholder seems to have risen into a new world, his 
widened vision taking in half the entire lake, ex- 
tending away down into Northwest Bay, and over 



52 



Lake George. 



beyond the Islands in the distant Narrows. At 
night the grounds are brilliantly illuminated by arc 
lights, suspended high above at different points, 
while the interior is lighted with electricity and gas, 
so that either can be used at will. 

The steamers land passengers at the foot of the 
lawn when arriving from the north, and all excur- 
sion boats toMch here before going down the lake. 
Trains from the south stop at the general depot, 
just east of the ruins of old Fort William Henry, 
and porters attend, with free carriage, to assist 
guests across the few intervening steps to or from 
the hotel entrance. 

Sport in variety awaits its votaries. Here is un- 
limited bil- 
liards for the 
scientific ; 
bowling for 
the athlete ; 
croquet for 
the bookish ; 
tennis, illus- 
trating the 
very poetry 
of motion, 
for graceful 
youth ; and 
boating, 
which— with 
the right 
company — 
is nothing 
short of 
ecstacy. 





Fort William Henry. 53 

The space between the house and depot is rich in 
history and tradition — the centre of vast military 
operations, which brought together once, a host 
four times greater than could now find quarters in 
all the hotels and cottages along Lake George's teem- 
ing shores. Now, winding paths lead to the water, 
and stately pines grow on the ramparts and in the 
trenches, where, of old, men watched for the savage 
foe, or made merry around the barrack fire. 

Of great interest to the antiquarian is a cabinet 
of ancient curiosities held iiere — relics that have 
been gathered through many years, from fort and 
battlefield, from forest, and from the bottom of the 
lake, even — rude implements of aboriginal home 
life and savage warfare, resting side by side with 
the more modern arm of the French and English, 
who here contended a century and a half ago — 
each with its unwritten history and its suggestions 
of the dead past. 

The house is under the personal supervision of T. 
E. Roessle, proprietor also, of the Arlington, at 
Washington, D. C, which has for years entertained 
the cream of distinguished foreign and native visi- 
tors at the National Capital. The service at Lake 
George, during the summer, is identical with that 
of the Arlington in winter, the entire kitchen force, 
from the chef dov^n, with a corps of skilled waiters, 
being transferred to this house for the season. The 
Delavan, at Albany, is the third of the series of big 
hotels in which the proprietor of the Fort William 
Henry is also interested, the latter being under the 
management of E. O. Roessle, with the firm name 
of T. E. Roessle & Son. 



Hotels. 55 

Carpenter House, J. H. Carpenter, proprietor. 
Capacity, 70. Rates, $2 per day; $8 to $12 per 
week. 

This house is west of the Fort William Henry 
Hotel, and directly opposite the old stone store and 
post office. It is an exceptionally neat, quiet, and 
orderly place, and sets a table that is attractive, 
wholesome, and nice, above the average. Many of 
the rooms are large and well ventilated, some are 
en suite, and all are clean and tastefully arranged. 
This house will accommodate about 70 guests. A 
free stage runs to trains and boats. Belonging to 
the hotel is a large boarding-stable, built on ap- 
proved principles, with box-stalls, affording superior 
accommodation for a goodly number of the fine car- 
riage horses brought here for the summer. 

Lake House, F. G. Tucker, proprietor. Ca- 
pacity, 300. 

The Lake House is charmingly informal, cozy, 
and attractive. It is one of the oldest houses at 
the lake, and has always had an excellent reputa- 
tion. It is 300 feet long and three stories high, 
with front and back piazzas. A lovely, tree-covered 
lawn slopes down to the water's edge, while the 
front is shaded by a fine double row of maples. 
On the grounds are a number of attractive cottages. 
All the steamboats touch at the dock, and a free 
'bus runs to all trains. Bath-rooms, with hot and 
cold water, have been added with other modern fea- 
tures, which will be appreciated by old and new 
guests alike. In the general office of the hotel will 
be found telegraph and telephone offices, and news, 
book, photograph, and notion counter. Liberal 
terms are offered, varying according to accommoda- 



56 Lake George. 

tion and length of stay. The proprietor is affable 
and zealous in promoting the comfort or pleasure of 
his guests, and the house is voted a favorite by all 
who are so fortunate as to find quarters there. 

Central Hotel, George Brown, proprietor. 
Capacity, lOO. Rates, $2 per day ; $8 to $14 per 
week. 

The Central is just north of the Lake House, on 
the opposite side of the main street. It is bright 
and fresh for the summer's campaign ; substantial, 
comfortable, and attractive. This house is open 
summer and winter. An omnibus, free to guests, 
runs to all trains and boats. The Central is under 
the management of George Brown, formerly of the 
Halfway House, at French Mountain. Years ago 
visitors to Lake George knew of the Halfway House, 
and no season was considered complete without a 
ride to the famous old roadside inn for one of George 
Brown's delectable game suppers. Now, the glory 
of the old place has gone with the stages, and the 
proprietor, seeking a wider field, greets his patrons 
here and may be relied on to supply the same whole- 
some and substantial fare provided at the old stand 
for so many years. 

South of the Lake House is the old Harris House, 
kept by Mrs. E. Quinlan, where private board may 
be had at reasonable rates. At the north is the 
Warren County Court House, containing the county 
Hotel, in which, while the board is free to guests, 
the guests themselves are not so happily conditioned. 

Livery rigs, luxurious, stylish, and sensible, can 
be had here at Lake George at reasonable prices, con- 
sidering the stock which has to be carried through 
to accommodate the limited season. The finest are 



Caldwell. 



57 



to be found at the stables of H. R. Levens & Co., at 
the Fort William Henry Hotel, and may be called 
by telephone from any house about the head of the 
lake. 

The post office is in " the old stone store," oppo- 
site the Carpenter House. Here you may get 
candy, drugs, 
photographs, 
and notions. 
Stylish dry- 
goods may be 
had at the New 
York Store, one 
door north of 
this, and staple 
and fancy 
goods, grocer- 
ies, etc., of C. 
A. & E. J. West, across the street. For all of 
which, see appendix. 

Prospect Mountain, nearly i,8oo feet above 
the lake, may be ascended by road leading west, 
past the Indian encampment and the Roman Cath- 
olic church. Refreshments can usually be procured 
ajt the Mount Ferguson House, on a point a little 
lower than the main mountain, although at the 
present writing its occupancy for the season is un- 
certain. 

Fort George Hotel, E. L. Seeley, proprietor. 
Rates, $3 to $3.50 per day ; $15 to $21 per week. 

The Fort George was built in 1874. It has ex- 
tensive grounds, tastefully laid out, and is noted as 
a family hotel, getting few transients. Capacity of 
house and adjoining cottages, about^3<x>. 



^lt«"».T' 


B\ 


^ 


i 



58 



Lake George. 



''Crosbyside, " F. G. Crosby, proprietor. Ca- 
pacity, 300. Board, from July i to September 15, 
$15 to $22.50 per week, according to rooms; for 
June and after September 15, $-12.50 to $14 per 
week; transients, $3 per day. 




FmSUSMALBAN) 



Crosbyside is simply de- 
lightful. It has about it 
an air of old-fashioned stateli- 
ness and respectability eminent- 
ly satisfying and restful. The broad, 
comfortable looking piazzas, fronted with its line of 
square pillars ; its grand old trees ; the grounds, with 
their suggestion of limitless extent beyond sight ; the 
modern and rather smart-looking cottages and out- 
buildings among the green covering, seem like a vil- 
lage in a wilderness, and make it very attractive to 
the tired eye of the city dweller. Toward the north 
the outlook is broad, beautiful, and far-reaching, ex- 
tending away down into Northwest Bay, its exposed 
position giving it a full share of every passing breeze. 
All steamers land at the dock ; an omnibus conveys 
guests to and from all trains free of charge ; tele- 
graph and telephone are in the offices, and mails come 



Crosbyside. 59 

and go at frequent intervals. To guard against pos- 
sible danger from fire, a steam pump has been put 
in position, with hose on every floor, and suitable 
fire-escapes arranged. The table is bountifully sup- 
plied with the best of food, to tempt palate of epi- 
cure or invalid. It has among its regular visitors 
some of the best families in the country, and '* solid " 
people, who come as invariably as does the season. 

Charles Dudley Warner, in an installment of his 
serial, ''Their Pilgrimage," has the following: 

'' Crosbyside is the ideal of a summer retreat, nes- 
tled in foliage on a pretty point, with its great trees 
on a sloping lawn, boat-houses, and innumerable row 
and sail boats, and a lovely view over the blue 
waters of a fine range of hills." 

Forest Park is an extension of Crosbyside 
grounds toward the north, and is a gem in its way. 
Cottages, noticeably prominent along shore, belong 
severally to Mrs. M. S. Stockwell ; Rev. James P. 
Wilson, of Newark ; Mrs. Henry L. Gregg ; Matthew 
Wilson, the artist ; Mrs. Dr. Wm. A. Brown ; and 
N. H. Bishop, canoeist and author. The sharpley- 
gabled cottage, on the higher open ground, is Mont- 
claire Terrace, occupied by Mr. R. L. Thurston. 



DOWN THE LAKE. 

Note. — By aid of accompanying large map, and 
the outline cuts distributed through the book, the 
reader should have no difficulty in locating all 
points of interest seen from the steamboats. Trav- 
elers from the north should read paragraphs as num- 
bered in reverse order, beginning at Ticonderoga. 
"East" and ''west" indicate side to look from the 
channel usually taken by the steamboat. Distances 
given are air-line distances from Caldwell, unless 
stated differently. 

1. From the south. The outreaching point 
from the west terminates in Tea Island, about a 
mile distant (see outline cut) ; over this is Tongue 
Mountain ; a little at the right, the round top of 
Shelving Rock ; about two miles beyond Tea 
Island, at the right, is Diamond Island ; beyond 
this, partially hidden by it, is Long Island f at its 
right edge is West Point. About two miles away, 
on the right, is Plum Point ; on the high ground, a 
little nearer, the summer place of the Paulist Fath- 
ers. Still nearer, among the trees, is Crosbyside. 
Over the beach, at the east, is the Fort George 
Hotel ; and back toward the south, the ruins of 
the old fort. Toward the west is Prospect Moun- 
tain, and at its base along the west shore, is the 
village of Caldwell, known to the postal department 
as Lake George. 

2. Tea Island (west) is a little gem of an 
island, somewhat resembling the crater of an ex- 



.»»* 



M'5' 



HOTtl 



m 



SAB"*' 



.gur 



f^lUFfHlf^ 













Down the Lake. 63 

tinct volcano, with the rim broken away on the east 
side, forming a beautiful harbor in miniature. 

Tradition says Abercrombie buried gold and val- 
uables here ; and a goodly share of the surface has 
been dug over, at different times, by the treasure 
seeker — some one suggested that the digging was 
for fish-worms, but the idea is too absurd to be en- 
tertained for a moment. 

The handsome building on the west side, one mile 
from the depot, is the residence of W. J. Price, of 
New York. A. D. F. Randolph, poet and publisher, 
has a modest cottage among the trees west of Tea 
Island. Rev. Dr. Butler, of Philadelphia, is near by. 
Rev. Dr. Tuttle occupies a cottage near the shore, 
north of Tea Island. Price Manor, residence of the 
late Col. W. W. Price, is on high land, two miles 
from the depot. The octagon building, at the 
waters edge, is 7iot a light-house. 

3. St. Mary's of the Lake (east), a mile 
north of Crosbyside, in a grove of young trees, is 
the summer place of the Paulist Fathers. This so- 
ciety is composed of priests, whose w^ork is chiefly 
that of missionaries, something akin to that of the 
old Jesuits. Their convent is in New York, pre- 
sided over by its founder, the Rev. Father Hecker. 
The Paulists also own Harbor Island, and camp 
there a portion of the year. 

1 4. Plum Point (east), a half-mile north of con- 
vent, received its name, it is said, because of the 
large quantity of plums raised here. The casual 
observer will see no plums, and may not see the 
point of this. (Mild joke.) 

5. Dunham's Bay opens up on the right. At 
its head is Lake George Park. Edward Eggleston 



64 Lake George. 

the stalwart author, lecturer, and divine, has a cot- 
tage here. 

6. Diamond Island (west), near the centre of 
the lake, and three miles from its head, was so 
named because of the quartz crystals found upon 
its surface. It was fortified and used as a military 
depot by Burgoyne, after his capture of Ticonder- 
oga, in 1777, and the same year was the scene of an 
engagement between the forces then in possession 
(the English) and a party of Americans, under Col. 
John Brown, which resulted in the defeat of the lat- 
ter. In 1820 it was occupied by a family who 
gained a living by the sale of crystals found there. 
East of it are two nameless little pyramids of broken 
rock, which go to make up the 220 islands of the 
lake. 

7. Cramer's Point (west, 2^ miles from Cald- 
well). It is said that this was an island, when the 
islands all belonged to the state ; but a former 
owner of the adjoining shore looked upon it with 
longing eyes ; and one night the kind waves, or 
something equally efficacious, filled up the inter- 
vening space with earth ; the island and the shore 
clasped hands across the muddy chasm ; the twain 
were made one flesh, and no law was found to put 
them asunder. At the west is the tasteful villa of 
George H. Cramer, of Troy. 

8. Near the point (west 3j^ miles) is a prospec- 
tive, but, as yet, unfinished hotel. 

Back from possible hotel is the residence of Capt. 
D. S. Dennison. 

9. Reid's Rock is just north of Cannon Point 
(west, 3j^ miles). A man named Reid, whose love 
for rum had taken him across the lake one stormy 



Down the Lake. 65 

night in late autumn, was found on this rock, in the 
morning, frozen stiff, and covered with ice from the 
dashing spray. 

10. Orcut Bay is entered between Reid's 
Rock and Cannon Point. ''The Healing Spring" 
is just over the ridge, west of this bay, and may be 
reached along shore from Caldwell. The visitor 
should see this spring, and talk with its honest, odd 
owner, " Uncle Joe," as he is universally called, 
who has firm faith in the efificacy of the water to 
cure all the ills that flesh is heir to. 

11. Diamond Point (west, 4 miles) comes 
next. The quartz here, like that of Diamond 
Island, occasionally yields very pretty crystals. 
Sampson Paul, an Indian, who flourished over half 
a century ago, once killed a panther with a com- 
mon fishing-spear, here, as the poor brute was 
coming out of the water benumbed with cold. 

12. Diamond Point House (west, 4^ miles), 
S. C. Stanton, proprietor. Capacity, about 50. 
Large boats do not land. Reached by wagon from 
Caldwell, or by small steamers. P. O., Hill View. 

13. Canoe Islands (west, 4^ miles), east of 
Diamond Point House, about midway between it 
and Long Island. Here the American Canoe As- 
sociation was organized in 1880. The islands are 
owned by N. H. Bishop, Judge N. Longworth, and 
Lucien Wulsin. 

14. Long Island is the largest island at Lake 
George, being something more than a mile in 
length. The deed by which it was transferred by 
King George to private parties, bears date of July 
4, 1770. The house near its centre is the summer 
place of its owner, Dr. D. S. Sandford of New York. 



66 Lake George. 

At its south end is South Island. The boat passes 
on the east, between South Island and West Point, 
into Kattskill Bay. 

The American Canoe Association hold their 
annual meet here this year, encamping at the south 
end of Long Island, August lO to 24. Races will 
be of daily occurrence during the meet. The 
events of general interest to friends and visitors, 
such as the upset, hurry scurry, and paddling races, 
will be announced at the hotels in time, so that 



SHEUIM& IWCK. pi.Ma_MT» MCK Mt MUiaoji f r.) 




%OUTH KLAHA 



Jovth'/ eitrRfirfO!. TO imTWU fj^dofcirrc Noitm 



VIEW NORTH FROM NEAR DIAMOND ISLAND. 

those wishing to, may attend. The sailing races 
will be called wdienever the conditions are consid- 
ered favorable. The first race of every morning 
will start at 9.30, and the first race of every after- 
noon at 2 o'clock. Regatta committee, C. Bowyer 
Vaux, New York; Paul Butler, Lowell, Mass.; W. 
A. Leys, Toronto, Canada. 

This association was organized at Lake George, 
August 3, 1880, with the object of uniting in one 
brotherhood the amateur canoeists of America. It 
has a membership of nearly 800, and is composed of 
literary and professional men, including among the 
number, some of the brightest literati of the day. 
The annual meets were held at Lake George in 
1 88 1-2; at Stony Lake, 1883; at the Thousand Is- 
lands 1884-5-6; and on Lake Champlain in 1887. 
Its officers are ; Commodore, R. W. Gibson ; Secre- 



Long Island. 67 

tary-Treasurer, F. L. Mix, Albany; Vice-Commo- 
dores: Central Division, R. W. Bailey, Pittsburgh, 
Pa. ; Atlantic Division, Henry Stanton, New York ; 
Eastern Division, L. Q. Jones, Hartford, Conn.; 
Northern Division, A. D. T. McGachen, Lindsay, 
Canada. 

The Lake George Assembly occupies the 
north end of Long Island, and the practical common 
sense of the Chatauquaian idea of instruction will 
no doubt be displayed here, as it has been in other 
places. It is in order to make this a permanent 
affair, after the style of Round Lake, if it meets with 
general approval, or a sufficient number of people 
evince interest enough to avail themselves of the ad- 
vantages here offered. This part of the island will 
be laid out in lots to be rented for a nominal sum, 
and camps, tents, etc., furnished at cost. Interna- 
tional Holiness Meetings will be held August 2 to 
16; with three services a day. August 15 to 22 the 
meetings will be under the auspices of the W. C. T. 
U. Preaching from a boat, as did He of old on Gali- 
lee, while the listeners are gathered along the shore, 
will be one of the events of the season ; and a 
special service will be held sometime during the A. 
C. A. encampment, with the hope of touching the 
obdurate hearts of the knights of the paddle. Dr. 
Sandford, the owner of the island, is an active pro- 
motor of schemes of philanthropy, and has devoted 
time and money to make this a success. Rev. A. 
C. Rose, who has been prominently identified with 
the work for years, is the active agent and general 
manager, with address at Lake George. 

15. HORICON Lodge (right, 5^ miles by 
steamer), George A. Ferris, proprietor. Capacity 



68 



Lake George. 




of house and cottages, 80 guests. Rates, $2.50 per 
day; $10 to $14 per week. P. O., Cleverdale. 

" A lodge in a vast wilderness " may have its at- 
tractions ; but the lodge in this cosy little bit of ver- 
dure seems altogether lovely. The covering is 
dense, but not so thick but that the wind can cir- 
culate straight through 
across the narrow point ; 
the mixing of rustic wild- 
ness with modern appli- 
>EU ^ r^v« 'T^sfi^T ^^^^^ ^^^ comfort here sug- 
/^kI \f -aL ffe^is gests a happy medium that 

few would want changed, 
and the colony of detached 
cottages offer independent 
seclusion or neighborly surroundings, as the occu- 
pants may will. 

16. Sheldon House (right, 6 miles), Garrison 
Sheldon, proprietor. Capacity, 80. Rates not 
given. P. O., Kattskill Bay. This house is clean 
and nicely furnished. There is no bar connected. 
All steamers land at the dock. 

17. Grove Hotel (right, 7 miles), E. Wet- 
more, proprietor. Capacity, 75. Rates, $2 per 
day ; $7 to $10 per week. P. O., Kattskill Bay. 
Guests land at Trout Pavilion. It is secluded, and 
has one of the prettiest imaginable harbors for 
small boats. 

18. Trout Pavilion (right, 7 miles), John 
Cronkhite, proprietor. Capacity, 100. Rates, $9 
to $12 per week. P. O., (Kattskill Bay) in the 
house. The accommodations offered consist of 
three buildings, the two nearest the lake connected 
at one corner by their piazzas, which extend on 



Kattskill Bay. 69 

three sides. One is devoted to general uses, the 
others to private parlors and sleeping-rooms. In the 
inner angle formed by the two is an open, tree-shaded 
floor for dancing. The accommodations are good, 
the table wholesome and satisfying. This is the 
favorite summer resort of " Boss" Hugh McLaugh- 
lin, of Brooklyn. This part of the lake is noted for 
its fine natural attractions, its beautiful rock and 
tree studies affording rare attractions to the artist 
and lover of nature. 

19. The Albion stands just north of the 
Trout Pavilion. H. H. West, formerly of- the Bol- 
ton House, proprietor. Capacity, about 30. May- 
flower Cottage, north of the Albion, is a private 
boarding-house, with capacity about equal to the 
latter. 

20. Kattskill House, A. P. Scoville, proprie- 
tor. Capacity, about 100. Rates unknown. For 
particulars, address the Proprietor at Kattskill Bay 
P.O. 

21. Elizabeth Island northwest of the Katts- 
kill House, is the summer camping-place of the 
Manhattan Club, composed of graduates of New 
York College. 

22. Pilot Mountain (right, 7 miles, air-line 
from Caldwell), is nearly sharp at its summit, de- 
scends steeply to the lake at points where we lately 
touched, and, further away, at the south, slopes 
gently down to the fertile vale of Harrisena. 

23. Buck Mountain (right, 9 miles) is a grand, 
rocky, round-featured mountain, along the east, ris- 
ing 2,000 feet above the lake. It is sparsely wooded 
at the summit. This, with Pilot Mountain on the 
south, is locally known as the deer pasture. Phelps' 



Marion House. 71 

Point is at the lake, a little south of the highest 
part of Buck Mountain. A passable road leads out 
along shore to the Kattskill House. 

24. Marion House (west, 5^ miles from 
Caldwell), D. W. Sherman, proprietor; H. L. Sher- 
man, manager. Capacity, 400. Rates, $3.50 per 
day ; $14 to $25 per week. 

Recent additions have made this one of the 
largest houses at the lake. It has been remodled 
from office to attic. A hundred new rooms have 
been added. Its public rooms are spacious, delight- 
fully open to the air, richly furnished throughout, 
and contain many unconventional appliances that 
tend to enjoyable ease. It is lighted with gas 
throughout, and heated by steam. Its sleeping- 
rooms are large, furnished modestly, but with ex- 
cellent material, and supplied with superior beds. 
An elevator renders all floors almost equally con- 
venient, and leaves little choice in rooms, unless 
there are preferences in points of compass. Elec- 
tric bells communicate between guests' rooms and 
the office, and a wire from the office connects with 
the Western Union Telegraph. The sanitary con- 
ditions are pronounced perfect. Soft, sweet water 
is brought to the house through pipes, from a spring 
on the west mountain. All steamboats from north 
and south land at the dock. A feature of the table 
supplies is the butter and milk, from a herd of Jer- 
seys belonging to the Marion farm. 

The grounds surrounding the Marion are exten- 
sive and attractive. It has the advantage of ap- 
proach by land, and a picturesque road leads from 
Caldwell, along the west shore, past the house. Back 
of the house are picturesque bluffs, and forests al- 



72 Lake George. 

most as wild as they were a hundred years ago* 
The views of the lake are broad and far-reaching. 
It is altogether a very attractive place. 

From a point in the steamers course, as it leaves 
the Marion, if the air be sufficiently clear, Camel's 
Hump, of Vermont, may be seen through the notch 
beyond the Narrows. 

25. The Agawam (}^ mile north of the Ma- 
rion), W. H. Middleworth, proprietor. Capacity, 
lOO. Rates, $2 to $3 per day; $10 to $15 per 
week. The Agawam is a new hotel. The sleeping- 
rooms are exceptionally large, with high ceilings, 
and furnished in the most comfortable and substan- 
tial manner. A broad piazza runs along its front, 
affording a charming outlook. It stands among 
forest trees, that almost cover it from view, and dis- 
plays 30 different varieties on the grounds. 

26. Dome Island, (right, 9 miles), near the cen- 
tre of the lake, next claims our attention as being 
the highest of Lake George's 220. Seen from the 
north and south, it has the appearance of a huge 
emerald dome, somewhat flattened, but bearing 
enough of the appearance to justify the name. 
This island was purchased from the State in 1856, 
for $100. 

27. Recluse Island (left), is just west of 
Dome, our course taking us between the two. This 
island was the subject of the earthquake hoax of 
1868, when it was reported in the New York papers 
as being sunk 80 feet below the surface. A graceful 
bridge connects it with what was once known as 
Sloop Island. Belvoir Island is west of Recluse. 
On a line with Recluse Island and the north end of 
Belvoir, in Bolton Bay, beyond, is a small island 



Bolton. 



n 



known as " Leontine." Continuing the line to the 
main land, shows the Lake View House almost hid- 
den among the trees. 

28. Lake View House, R. J. Brown, proprie- 
tor. Capacity, lOO. Rates, $2 to $3 per day ; $12 
to $15 per week. P. O., Bolton Landing. 

This house has earned for itself that unfailing 
sign of approval — the repeated return of old guests 
to familiar rooms and places, their number aug- 
mented annually by new friends and kindred spirits. 
The view Is unsurpassed for quiet beauty, as re- 
vealed in retreating head- 
land, pretty grouping of is- 
land forms and the lovely 
gate-like openings of the 
distant Narrows, with giant 
Black Mountain beyond. 
The proprietor Is a man of 
many pursuits, not limi- 
ted to that of landlord 
alone; although, in truth, 
he makes a very pleasant 
one. He is a musician of 
no mean merit ; a telegraph 
operator, with his office- 
wire connecting with the 
Western Union system ; known somewhat as an in- 
ventor ; a civil engineer and surveyor, with more 
call than he can respond to, and builder of the 
steam catamaran, which attends at the arrival of 
the large boat at Bolton Landing, to transfer guests 
of his house to and from his own dock free. 

29. Bolton possesses attractions not to be 
sneezed at. It is near good fishing ground. It is 




74 Lake George. 

connected with the outer world by the steamers 
that touch often, and by a good country road, form- 
ing a pleasant drive of nearly lo miles along shore 
to Caldwell. It is rather quiet, and patronized by a 
good class of guests. 

Strangers are sometimes at a loss to locate *' Bol- 
ton " properly. To the guests it means the hotels; 
a little farther south, the '' Huddle" is Bolton. It 
is also gathering around the churches at the north. 
It is a highly diffused village. From a point in the 
steamer's course, after rounding Recluse Island, is 
obtained the finest general view of Bolton. Bolton 
Bay is the name generally applied to that portion 
of the lake on the west, between Recluse and Green 
Islands. 

30. Locust Grove is a little way north of the 
Lake View House. Capacity, about 75. Rates 
unknown. 

31. Mohican House (at the dock, south of 
the regular steamboat landing), Mrs. C. Winslow, 
proprietor. Capacity, 100. Rates, $3.50 per day; 
$12 to $21 per week. This is the oldest, and of old 
one of the famous houses of the lake. It is open 
the year round. The smaller steamboats all land at 
the dock. 

32. The Wells House, H. A. Dearstyne, pro- 
prietor. Capacity, 50. Rates, $2.50 per day; $10 
to $15 per week. P. O., Bolton Landing. 

This house stands a little back from the central 
dock, at which the line boats deliver mail, this being 
known to the postal department as Bolton Landing. 
The rooms here are large, some of them almost pro- 
digally spacious, and the fare good. Taken alto- 
gether, it is one of the very desirable boarding- 



Bolton. 75 

houses along the lake. Mr. Dearstyne also keeps 
some really stylish livery turnouts, and the visitor 
at Bolton should not fail in securing one for a drive 
along shore, north or south, or up the mountain 
side for the grandest view of all. A good single 
rig can be obtained for a morning or afternoon drive 
for about $2 ; a barouche or mountain wagon, at 
from $3 to $8, according to company. 

The Church of St. Sacrament (Episcopal) is on 
the rocky bluff north of the Wells House. Some 
years ago, a generous admirer presented it with a 
bell, which was of too generous proportions for the 
church to support, and it now hangs in an inde- 
pendent tower, looking like some dwarfed light- 
house on its ocean bluff. There is a Baptist church 
a little way farther north. 

33. Bolton House (at dock, north of the line 
boat landing), L. B. Waters, manager. Capacity, 
125. Rates, $2.50 to $3 per day ; $10 to $20 per 
week. P. O., Bolton Landing. The house is com- 
fortably furnished, the rooms large, the grounds 
pleasant. The smaller excursion boats land at the 
dock. 

34. Vandenberg House (at the west end of 
the long bridge that connects the main land with 
Green Island), J. H. Vandenberg, proprietor. Ca- 
pacity, 20. Rates, $1.50 per day; $10 to $14 per 
week. This house is clean and attractive. Its 
water-front, protected by the stone bridge from the 
south wind, affords safe boating at all times, and 
the shores toward the north are exceedingly pic- 
turesque. 

The Stewart and the Goodman Houses are on the 



76 



Lake George. 



west side, and the Central House on the east side 
of the road, west of the Vandenberg House. 

35. The Sagamore (west, 9^ miles), M. O. 
Brown, proprietor. Capacity, 400. Price of board, 
$4 per day; $17.50 to $25 per week. Open June 



"J* 


























PILOT MT,' 

VOMr 


n 


i^ 


OUTH 


FROM THE. sagamore; 


BOLTpN.J 


fRtNCn FIT. 


CALBWtU. 

T, / 


KrZABCTH f. 


KATT*Kll.l, 


BAT- 


XOHS K 


meivsi u 



The hotel property is owned largely by gentle- 
men of Philadelphia, who occupy the handsome 
modern cottages along shore, on either side of the 
point, and the house is a popular resort among 
Philadelphians generally, The grounds are charm- 
ing and the views superb. 



NORTH-VtrST BAY, 
/ 



SHCUINC tOCK MT. 




ftmicKLtrrr.- 



fOUHrCTM WTtCr*— WdMHUJUUU > 



Tfff NMIKOnS TSWI THC liAiAhiOtf BOCK, lOOKf/tQ CAfTf 



From the Sagamore dock, the boat runs almost 
due east toward the entrance to the Narrows, about 
two miles distant. 

36. Crown Island (west, 10 miles), is north, 
as the Sagamore dock is left. Beyond stretches 
North West Bay, or " Ganouskie," as the Indians 
are said to have called it — extending four miles 
beyond. 

37. Oahu Island (west, 1 1 miles), is the prop- 
erty of Gen. P. F. Bellinger, of Elizabeth, N. J. 
Gen. Bellinger occupies the cottage toward the 
south, wliile the one near the north end is the sum- 
mer place of J. W. Moore, Chief Engineer U. S. 
Navy. 



Fourteen Mile Island. 



n 



38. Fourteen Mile Island (east, ii miles 
from Caldwell), is at the entrance to the Narrows. 
Why called Fourteen Mile Island the oldest inhabi- 
tant does not say. It is presumed, however, that 
fourteen miles was the estimated distance from Fort 
William Henry before actual measure demonstrated 
it to be less. 

It is the property of the Lake George Steamboat 
Company. The 
gro u n d s are 
fitted up by the 
''D. & H.," for 
the accommo- 
dation of the 
excursion par- 
ties that come 
over that rail- 
road to Lake 
George almost 
daily during the 
season. Here 
are refreshment 
rooms, band- 
stand, a dan- 
cing pavil- 
ion, c roquet- 
ground, swings, 
etc., and the 
summer studio 
of George W. 
Conkey of Glen Falls — one of the best portrait- 
photographers in northern New York. 

Follow the picturesque shore south to Shelving 
Rock Bay. Alight where a noisy brook tum- 




84 Lake George. 

bles in, at its head, and following up a little way, 
you will be rewarded by the sight of a perfect little 
gem among cascades, called Shelving Rock Falls. 

On the larger of the group called " Hen and 
Chicken," south of Fourteen-Mile Island, Delavan 
Bloodgood, surgeon, U. S N., has built picturesque- 
ly after the fashion of an East Indian bungalow. 

The question of the right of individuals to ac- 
quire and hold possession of certain islands belong- 
ing to the State is somewhat complicated and as 
yet undecided. The law says : " The lands now or 
hereafter constituting the forest preserve shall be for- 
ever kept as wild forest lands'' Quite a number 
of the islands are occupied by responsible parties 
under State authority, having been appointed cus- 
todians by the land commissioners, and who in 
good faith have expended considerable money in 
beautifying and making these islands comfortable 
for summer occupancy. Their right to them has 
been respected by the public generally, but, as the 
attorney-general gives it as his opinion that the 
commissioners of the land office had no right to 
make such appointments, the whole question awaits 
judicial settlement, or proper legislative action. 

The Forest Commission, having charge of the 
forest preserve, was created by Chapter 2S3 of the 
laws of 1885. The commissioners are Theodore E. 
Basselin, Townsend Cox, and Sherman K. Knevals. 
S. F. Garmon is warden — a responsible position, 
well filled. 

The forest warden, forest inspectors, foresters, and 
other persons acting upon the forest preserve under 
the written employment of the forest warden, or of 



Lake George. 85 

the Forest Commission, may, without warrant, arrest 
any person found upon the forest preserve violating 
any provisions of the act creating the commission. 

The Forest Commission has the same power to 
bring action for trespass and to recover damages for 
injury, or to prevent injury to the preserve which any 
owner of lands would be entitled to bring. 

The fire wardens have power to call upon any per- 
son in the territory in which they act for assistance 
in suppressing fires, and every person refusing to act 
when so called shall be liabte to a fine of not less 
than five nor more than twenty dollars. 

Any person who shall wilfully or negligently set 
fire to any forest lands belonging to the State, shall 
be liable to a fine of not less than fifty nor more than 
five hundred dollars, or to imprisonment of not less 
than thirty days nor more than six months. 

The islands of Lake George — with the following 
exceptions — belong to the State and, under existing 
laws, cannot be purchased. The exceptions are Tea, 
Diamond, Canoe, Long, Elizabeth, Three Brothers, 
Donie, Recluse, Belvoir, Hiawatha, Leontine, Green, 
Crown, Fourteen Mile, Flora, Turtle and Harbor 
Islands. 

Camp Life. — During July and August, Lake 
George teems with nomadic life in all its various pha- 
ses, and vagrant communities appear and disappear 
as if by magic ; white tents gleam among the dark 
green foliage ; wilderness' solitudes resound with 
joyous shoutings as of boys let loose from school ; 
lonely islands are suddenly astir with busy throngs 
rocks are flecked with blue and gray ; the tree tops 
bliigh with bunting; shores put on a flannelly hue, 
and shadowy points blossom out in duck and dimity 
It is safe to say that in the course of the season ;> 



Camp Life. 91 

thousand people taste the pleasures and overcome the 
difficulties that but season the glorious dish of camp 
life at Lake George. 

Among the necessaries are a light axe, long handle 
frying pan, tin pail for water or coffee, tin plate, pint 
cup, knife and fork and fishing tackle. A stove-top laid 
on a fire-place of stones and mud, and supplied with 
one length of stove pipe is a positive luxury to the 
cook; spruce boughs for a bed, with two or three 
good woolen blankets for covering, will be found 
very comfortable ; a small bag to fill with leaves or 
moss for a pillow, pays for itself in one night ; flannel 
or woolen clothing, with roomy boots and a soft felt 
hat, is ordinarily the safest dress. 

Ladies, wear what you have a mind to, you 
will any way, but let it be flannel next to you, good 
strong shoes under foot, and a man's felt hat over 
head — take the man along, too, he will be useful to 
take the fish off your hook, run errands, etc. 

Boats and provisions may be obtained at almost any 
of the hotels. Bacon, salt pork, bread and butter, Bos- 
ton crackers, tea, coffee, sugar, pepper and salt, with a 
tin box or two for containing the same are among the 
things needed. Milk can be obtained regularly at the 
farm houses, berries picked almost anywhere ; ice is a 
luxury which may be contracted for and thrown from 
the passing steamers daily, a hole in the ground with 
a piece of bark over it forms a very good ice box ; a 
drinking cup of leather, to carry in the pocket, comes 
handy at times; broad brimmed straw hats are a 
nuisance ; whiskey is unnecessary, a damage and dis- 
grace to the party ; if you take it habitually to pre- 



92 Lake George. 

vent colds, don't come. Colds are never taken here 
by sleeping out under the stars, and there is little 
in God's pure air and sunshine in keeping with the 
degrading stuff. 

A shanty made of boughs will answer, in absence 
of anything better. It sounds well when you talk 
about " roughing it," but is unsatisfactory in prac- 
tice. A tent may be made comfortable with the 
outlay of a little time and work. There are clubs 
who own fishing boxes or shanties, more or less 
rough in construction, some made simply of rough 
boards, with bunks for sleeping in, with chairs, 
tables, stoves, etc. The poorest is an improvement 
on the best of tents. 

39. Tongue Mountain, at the left, rising 
rugged and broken, west of the Narrows, slopes 
gradually southward, and terminates in Montcalm 
Point, the property of J. Buchanan Henry. West 
of the mountain is broad Northwest Bay. ** Green 
Oaks," the summer place of E. Corning Smith, of 
Albany, is on Turtle Island, northeast of Montcalm 
Point. 

40. The Hundred Island House (right, 1134^ 
miles from Caldwell), R. G. Bradley & Co., propri- 
etors. Capacity, 100. Rates, $3 per day ; $10 to 
$17.50 per week. P. O., Shelving Rock. Pic- 
turesque, and with pictures on every side, this sec- 
tion is a favorite among artists {en passant, the 
house has a convenient, dark room, fitted up for 
the accommodation of amateur photographers, of 
which " the woods are full " during the season), the 
lovely grouping of the islands and the grand lines 
of the surrounding mountains affording beautiful 
studies from this point. 



The Hundred Island House. 



95 



The Hundred Island House is situated in the 
Narrows less than a half mile from Fourteen Mile 
Island, on a point that juts out from the base of Shelving 
Rock. The location is capital for a summer house, 
affording a protected harbor for small boats, a new 
dock easy of approach for large. It is built in the 
most substantial manner possible, and with a degree of 
finish seldom applied to hotels designed simply for 
summer occupancy; 








-^^^ff 



^.^ff^^^^ 



'fm^m^' 



,1111111"* i^'i'-i'iiii' 

HUNDRED ISLAND HOUSE. 



j^ifiwu; -rsi «,, 



A stairway leads up to the sightly 
observatory, from which the roof may be gained, and 
a view obtained that has hardly its equal anywhere 
on the lake, showing the broad, open water toward 
the south and west, the hundred islands of the Nar- 
rows, and the lake stretching away to Sabbath Day 
Point at the north. The table is exceptionally 
wholesome, and served in an attractive manner. 
Fresh milk and vegetables come from the farm be- 
longing to the house. The post-office^" Shelving 
Rock"— is in the hotel office, and the telegraph is 
close by. R. G. Bradley & Co., proprietors. 



96 Pearl Point. 

The Pearl Point HoirsE is one of the leading 
hotels of the Lake. Its furniture and appointments 
are liberal and complete in all respects. Rambling, 
quaint and profusely ornate in architectural design, 
the buildings attract much attention and admiration. 
Nestling amid abundant shade trees, surrounded by 
piazzas, with tasteful, elaborate and admirably kept 
grounds, little imagination is required to invest the 
place with unusual interest. Including two hand- 
some cottage buildings, or dormitories, the estab- 
lishment affords accommodations for one hundred 
and fifty guests. From its opening, in 1876, it has 
been exceedingly well managed, and has secured 
a permanent reputation and patronage of superior 
character. It is conducted on strict temperance 
principles, and on that account has peculiar attrac- 
tions to many. * 

The location in the Narrows, faced and flanked by 
" The Hundred Islands," on account of the shelter 
afforded by the islands, make boating delightful in 
any state of the wind, while the fishing of the neigh- 
borhood is excelled nowhere on the Lake. That 
both may be enjoyed without stint, the proprietor 
makes a special feature of his boat livery, having 
provided a numerous and really elegant fleet of 
boats of various styles and sizes, suitable for every 
requirement, all equipped with the best in the way 
of oars, cushions, etc. Telegraph wires and daily 
mails enable guests to communicate readily with the 
outer world. D. W. Sherman, proprietor. For 
rates see page 160. 



* Fresh milk and vegetables come daily to Pearl Point from the Marion fane. 



The Narrows. 97 

Ranger Island is west of Pearl Point. The pretty 
cottage with sharp peaked tower belongs to a de- 
voted disciple of old Isaac Walton, Justice F. -E. 
Ranger, of Glens Falls. Next at the north is Juanita 
Island, where the Bullard Brothers — and sisters 
— come every summer. The "Glen Club" — com- 
posed of some of the solid men of Glens Falls, 
and commonly called the cold water club, for obvi- 
ous reasons — become boys again every year on the 
island north of Juanita. 

Phantom Island is next, with its attractive cottage 
and tastefully decorated summer houses and grounds. 
It is owned and occupied during the summer by 
Hon. Jerome Lapham, of Glens Falls. It was for- 
merly the home of "the hermit," J. Henry Hill, 
who came here in 1870, built the house and occu- 
pied it alone until 1876, when he was adjudged 
insane, and removed temporarily to an asylum, 
where he soon recovered. He belonged to a family 
of artists, and was himself one of considerable abil- 
ity — his professed object here being the study of 
nature. 

Gem Island and cottage, northeast from Phantom, 
is where another solid Glens Falls club " receives," 
during the season. Gravelly Island is the nearest 
large island toward the north from Pearl Point. 

Over under the west shore is Turtle and Phelps' 
Islands. Camp Colvin, on the latter, belongs to a 
Glens Falls man — in fact Glensvillians have pre- 
empted a considerable portion of this attractive 
group of islands, and still cry for more. 



98 Lake George. 

Burnt Island is the largest of the Hundrea 
Island group, and occupies a central position toward 
the north. On it half wild goats have for several 
years lived and bred. 

As-You-Were Island is the last of the group 
near the west shore. 



TWCUKMTu 




/ ,- 






' FRtKCH POINT HARBOR tf. TMKTfflC tBOTEW /5LANK. PORICON P/vaiOlf 

IHC HARnoWS' HORTH FftOM'AS YOU WiRt'UafiD. 



Little Harbor Island, east of the last named 
has on its north border one of the curious holes in 
the rock supposed by some to have been the work 
of the aborigines. 

Fork Island, its shape suggesting the name, 
terminates the cluster at the northeast. 

Paradise Point, a beautiful peninsula — site of a 
proposed hotel colony — extends from the east shore, 
separating Red Rock Bay on the south from Para- 
dise Bay on the north, the latter guarded by a cluster 
of very pretty islands. 

There are others, a multitude of them, some rising 
abruptly from the depths, moss-draped and thicket- 
crowned, while others only see the light when the 
water sinks to its lowest level. All around are 
treacherous shoals and reefs, and when the light is 
right and the water rough, you may see the surface 
checked and spotted by the bright green that marks 
their position, while the little steamer, with many i 
graceful turn, threads the labyrinth as the verdanl 
gateways open and close along her course. 



Sherman House. 



99 



The Sherman House commands a beautiful view 
of the '* Hundred Islands " of the narrows, at the 
south ; and the open lake, at the north. The shore 
here is rugged and broken, running at points straight 
up from the water, Tongue Mountain rising sheer 
from the little plateau. The house stands a 
few rods from the dock, facing the south, and ap- 




SHERMAN HOUSE. 



pears very inviting with Its low, broad piazzas ; its 
cool, open rooms ; its neat cottages and summer 
houses, and its delightful walks through the woods 
and along the shore. 

Accommodations are here afforded for lOO guests. 
The line boats for north and south land here morn- 
ing and afternoon, and the excursion boat LlUie M. 
Price touches twice daily. 

The Sherman House is now under the management 
of Hannibal Allen, who is well known to Lake George 
visitors as former proprietor of Hulett's Landing, and 
later of the Kenesaw on Fourteen Mile Island. Mr. 
Allen is efficient and popular, and is certain to make 
a creditable showing of the many attractions of the 
place. 



loo Lake George. 

HoRicoN Pavilion, at Black Mountain Point, 
is the most striking and picturesque hotel at Lake 
George, it, with its accessories, is really a work of 
art, in keeping with the grand and beautiful sur- 
roundings and worthy the aesthetic tastes of the 
owner, Cyrus Butler, of New York, and of Searles 
the distinguished architect, who designed and 
ordered the work. The Pavilion has every facility 
for dining a large number of guests, and although 
it contains rooms for only a limited number, the 
object is to eventually surround it with cottages, to 
be occupied by individual families, who will take 
their meals at the central place. 

A very large share of this side of Lake George, 
extending from near Anthony's Nose to Red Rock 
Bay, is owned by the Horicon Iron Company, of 
which Cyrus Butler is president, and under his direc- 
tion this large tract is being developed. An excellent 
road has been built from this point to the top of 
Black Mountain, and saddle horses furnished for 
those who desire to make the ascent at $3 each ; 
those who walk will be charged $1 toll. It is pro- 
posed in time to establish a substantial camp n^jar 
the summit for those who may wish to remain there 
over night. Do not forget to take an extra blanket 
or shawl, and a double luncheon. From the sum- 
mit, 2,661 feet above tide, and 2,315 above Lake 
George, nearly the entire lake may be seen. To 
the north is Lake Champlain ; at the east lie the 
Green Mountains ; on the west and north the Ad- 
irondacks rise one above another, growing dim with 
distance, while away toward the south, like a thread 
of silver, stretches the mighty Hudson. 



Black Mountain. ioi 

Now, for miles along our silvery pathway, we are 
passing through a solitude vast, grand and unbroken, 
save perchance, by the lonesome cry of the loon, the 
ghostly flitting form of the white gull, or the shrill 
scream of the eagle, who from his eyrie among the 
crags of Tongue Mountain, floats in breathless circles 
away out over the lake. Looking away from our- 
selves, we see no sign of human life unless it may be 
the form of a solitary fisherman, the tent of some 
party " roughing it," or the deserted shanty of the 
mountain lumberman. 




hC-ACK MOUNTAIN. 



Black Mountain stands on our right, the mon- 
arch of the lake stretching away to the north, seem- 
ing to recede as we approach, and travel with us, its 
granite crest lifted over two thousand feet above us, 
its rocky sides seamed and scarred and reddened by 
fires that have swept over it in times past. A senti- 
nel, it seems, overlooking the whole lake and moun- 
tains round about; the first to welcome the rising 
sun, and at evening, glowing in the splendor of the 
dying day, while the valleys below are misty with 
the shadows of coming night. 



102 Lake George. 

Half Way Isle is under the west shore, the 
centre of a circle, of which the circumference is the 
rim of a mountain that rises, amphitheater-like, around 
its western side. As its name indicates, it marks the 
centre of the lake. 

The " Three Sirens," lovely and inviting, but 
surrounded by dangerous shoals and reefs, are out 
in the middle of the lake nearly opposite Halfway 
Island. 

Hatchet Island is one of the same chain; the 
derivation of the name is unknown, but tradition 
connects it with a good little boy who couldn't tell a 
lie. 

One Tree Island it b just outside the channel 
The stump is all that remains of that ''one tree." 

Floating Battery is north of One Tree Island, 
the southernmost large island of a group lying along 
the east shore, opposite the highest point of Black 
Mountain. In the little bay on its south margin is the 
remains of what is said to be one of the two 
"castles," floating batteries, or gunboats, built to 
accompany Abercrombie down the lake in his ad- 
vance on Ticonderoga, in 1758. The name is some- 
times applied to the entire group, as it stretches 
along shore. 

Mother Bunch is the name given to the north- 
ernmost member of the group, because, it is said, of 
a fancied resemblance between a portion of the island 
and an old woman; it is a beautiful tribute to the 
memory of the old lady any way, while the classic 
elegance and appropriateness of the name only fell 



The Harbor Islands. 103 

short of absolute inspiration in that it was not 
advanced a step farther to "Grandmother" Bunch, 
and done with it. 

The Gives Rock is a solid wall, breaking off 
perpendicularly from the mountain slope on the right, 
north of Mother Bunch; water constantly drips over 
its face, and cives, a species of garlic growing in 
tufts, and liked as a relish by some, spring spontane- 
ously from its fissures; the largest boat can be laid 
up along side of this rock in still weather. A venera- 
ble landmark, known to have been there sixty-five 
years, is an old stub, projecting a Uttle above the sur- 
face, and swaying about just outside the usual course 
of the steamer; below the portion that has been worn 
down by the ice it is four feet in diameter, its point 
downward, and supposed to be anchored in the 
bottom of the lake. The water here is seventy feet in 
depth. 

The Harbor Islands are near the center of the 
lake, the west channel passing close by their western 
border ; they are owned by the Paulists, who received 
a title to them from the State, in 1872, and who 
occupy them occasionally as a camping place. The 
group is the first of any considerable size on the 
west side, north of tht; Narrows, and was once the 
scene of one of the bloodiest engagements in the 
history of the lake. On the 25th of July, 1757, a party 
of between three and four hundred English, command- 
ed by Col. John Parker, left Fort William Henry, and 
under cover of the darkness proceeded down the 



104 Lake Oeorge. 

lake on a scout. When near this place, at dawn ot 
the next morning, dark objects shot out from among 
the islands, and the surrounding gloom, to meet 
them, while the horrid war-whoop sounded on all 
sides. As the yelling horde advanced the English 
became panic-stricken, even throwing away their 
arms to lighten their load. They sought safety in 
flight, but their clumsy barges were no match for 
the light canoes of the enemy, who pursued and 
slaughtered them without mercy. Some threw 
themselves into the lake and succeeded in reaching 
the shore, there to be pursued and struck down by 
the savages, who were perfectly at home in the 
forests. 

One hundred and thirty-one of the English were 
killed outright ; twelve escaped, and the rest were 
taken prisoners. Of the latter a few were broiled 
and eaten by the gentle savage, the rest rudely 
snatched away by Montcalm and sent to Montreal. 
Concerning the Indians* great love for their fellow- 
men, Father Roubaud writes : " The first object 
which presented itself to my eyes on arriving there 
was a large fire, while the wooden spits fixed in 
the earth gave signs of a feast — indeed, there was 
one taking place. But oh, heaven, what a feast ! 
The remains of the body of an Englishman was 
there, the skin stripped off and more than one-half 
of the flesh gone. A moment after I perceived these 
inhuman beings eat, with famishing avidity, of this 
human flesh : I saw them taking up this detestable 
broth in large spoons, and, apparently, without iDeing 
able to satisfy themselves with it; they informed 
me that they had prepared themselves for this feast 



The Harbor Islands. 105 

by drinking from skulls filled with human blood, 
while their smeared faces and stained lips gave 
evidence of the truth of the story." The good 
father attempted to reason with them, but to no 
avail. One said to him : ** Vou have French taste ; 
I have Indian ; this food is good for w^,*' offering, at 
the time, a piece of the broiled Englishman, which 
dehcate little compliment was not received in a 
very grateful spirit by the fastidious Frenchman. 
Six days after, when Montcalm and his army passed 
by, to attack Fort William Henry, they saw the 
boats and mutilated bodies of many of the English 
floating on the water and strewn along the shore 




io6 Lake George. 

"Captain Sam." 

Vicar's Island is just north of the Harbor Islands 
Here, on its. northern border, an affecting incident 
transpired once, of which Captain Sam Patchen, 
who lived at Sabbath Day Point at the time, was 
tne hero. One winter's day he conceived the idea of 
sailing his grist to Bolton mill on the ice. So, 
piling the bags of grain into the old cutter, with a 
pitchfork, held firmly in his hands, for a rudder, h<! 
hoisted sail and sped away before a strong nortli 
wind. 




The ice was *'glare," and the cutter sailed well — 
remarkably well ; but there was not so much cei- 
tainty about the satisfactory behavior of the steei- 
mg apparatus. The old man, it is said, was given 
to spiritual things occasionally, and had, on this 
occasion, evidently hoisted in rather too much rye 
in the liquid form to conduce to the safe transporta- 
tion of that in the bags. The craft insisted on 



Captain Sam. 107 

heading directly for the island, and could not be 
diverted from its course — it was of the kind called 
"jumper" — a mettlesome old jumper at that, and 
the captam had a great deal of confidence in its 
ability to do whatever it undertook. So he decided 
to jump the island — he tried it; it was not, strictly 
speaking, a success. The cutter reached the shore, 
and hesitated — a part of it. Sam was anxious to 
get along, and continued on; then -^^ got discour- 
aged, and paused — in a snow-drift. 

Captain Sam was always dignified, and on this 
occasion it is said his manner of resting on that 
snow-drift was remarkably impressive. Even the 
snow felt moved, and the island itself was touched. 
He felt persuaded that he had made a mistake in 
leaving his cutter, and attempting the underground 
route for Bolton, so he came out and set his radi- 
ant face homeward — not a Sam of joy or a Sam of 
thanksgiving exactly, but a Sam abounding in such 
language as would set a mule driver up in business, 
or even do credit to the boss canvasman of any 
:ircus traveling. 



io8 



Lake George. 



Deer's Leap Mountain is on the west, a little in 
advance ; the top is rounded ; the side facing the 
lake a perpendicular wall of rock, which gives 
back a magnificent echo when called upon so 
to do. At its foot are great frag- 
ments of rock that have fallen 
^ ^ ^ from time to time, and said to be 
a favorite resort of the rattlesnake. 
Once on a time a buck, pursued 
by hunters, was driven to the brow 
of the precipice, with a yelling 
pack of hounds close at his heels. 

" Not the least obeisance made he ; 
Not a minute stopped or stayed he — 

but leaping fearlessly, far 
out over the giddy height, 
was impaled 
on the sharp 
point of a 
tree below. 





Hulett's Landing. 109 

Hulett's Landing, one of the oldest settlements 
on the lake remains one of the wildest and most 
picturesque. It is at the north end of Black Moun- 
tain, about 20 miles north of Caldwell and 5 miles 
from Chubb's Dock, on the New York & Canada 
Railroad, to which a stage runs daily during the 
season; fare, $1. 

This portion of the lake is advancing rapidly in 
favor as a summer resort. Many people of means 
own cottages along shore, north and south, and 
find it retired and at the same time comparatively 
easy of access. All steamers land here. Telegraph 
in the main hotel. Name of post-office, Hulett's 
Landing. Camping parties on the adjacent islands 
have reason to appreciate the advantages of near- 
ness to the place, known locally as the bosom, 
for it is their base of supplies and its lovely depths 
have been sought by them from time immemorial, for 
milk and other luxuries not generally found in camp. 

The hotel accommodations are comprised in the 
old Hulett farm-house, and the various detached 
buildings of a later date around, affording room for 
about 100 guests. The proprietor, this year, is W 
Howard Bender, of Albany. 

Meadow Point is north of Hulett's~a collection 
of modest cottages belonging to Cyrus Butler, and 
of interest as the head-quarters of the Horicon 
Summer School, a class of young ladies who, under 
the well-known artiste, Mrs. Culver — teacher and 
chaperone — spend the summer in the delightful 
occupation of sketching from nature. A sharp look- 
out will probably reveal them on some island or 



no Lake George. 

picturesque point, looking like a cluster of daisies, 
— which remark, we wish to explain, refers of course 
to the white umbrellas. 

From Hulett's Landing, we run diagonally across the 
lake to Sabbath Day Point, about two miles distant. 

The Elephant stands at the north end, a part 
of Black Mountain, but not its highest part. See 
his well formed head toward the west ; his eye, and 
the rift in the mountain side that marks the outline 
of his massive jaw. The wrinkled neck and great 
rounded back are there, with scattered bristles ot 
dead pines clearly defined against the bright sky 
beyond. You must call on your imagination to 
supply the trunk, for he came before the lake was as 
fashionable a watering place as at present, and not 
feeling the need of a change of raiment, left his trunk 
behind. 

SUGAR-LOAF Mountain is over beyond where 
all well-disposed elephants are wont to disport their 
fly frightener; its name describes its shape; the 
summit, from a little distance beyond Sabbath Day 
Point, looks very like a pig lying down, its sharp nose 
toward the east. These animals were, undoubtedly, 
a part of the lot created "in the beginning," and 
overlooked by Noah, but for all that they are toler- 
ably well preserved, and will stand for some time 
yet. 

Sabbath Day Point has been the scene of many 
stirring incidents in the history of Lake George. A 
sandy promontory, extending from the west shore ; or, 
more properly, a projecting angle — for the lake, which 



Sabbath Day Point. 

from the Narrows, has a north-easterly direction, 
here turns once more toward the north. Xhe , 
point, originally, was toward the south, with quite 
a deep bay on the west side ; but the south winds 
have piled up a sandy barrier across to the west 
shore, and, relieved from the constant surging of 
the water, the imprisoned bay has slowly filled with 
the rank vegetation of the marsh. It commands a 
fine view of the approach by water on either hand, 
and would naturally be selected for a camping place 
by parties who had reason to expect an enemy near. 
Here, in 1756, a body of provincials, under Putnam 
and Rogers, repulsed a superior force of French and 
Indians ; and, on the 5th of July, 1758, Abercrombie, 
with his splendidly equipped army of over fifteen 
thousand men, landed for rest and refreshment, 
remaining until near midnight ; then moved down 
the lake, leaving immense fires burning, to give 
the enemy the impression that they were still there. 

In September of the following year Gen. Amherst, 
with twelve thousand men, drew up his boats on 
the sandy beach west of the house, and passed the 
Sabbath with appropriate religious ceremonies. 
To this circumstance is usually ascribed the name, 
which is probably a mistake, for it had been called 
Sabbath Day Point for some years before. The 
origin of the name is unknown. 

Authorities differ, but it is generally conceded 
that an engagement did actually occur here in 1776 
between fifty Americans and a force of tories and 
Indians, resulting in the defeat of the latter. 

In 1765, elevea .years before the engagemeni 
spoken of. we find record of a house here, occu 



Lake George. ^^3 

pied by one Samuel Adams. In 1798, Capt Sam 
Patchen (hero of the cutter ride to Vicar's Island) 
built a log-house near the site of the present build- 
ing ; since which the Point has never, to any extent, 
been without its resident family. The present owner 
of the point, also a Sam. Capt. Sam Westurn has 
lived here for many years. The position of the 
point is one of the most commanding on the Lake. 
To the south on the right, is Deer's Leap and 
Tongue Mountain. Shelving Rock and Vicar's 
Island is in the centre and Black Mountain on the 
left. To the north Anthony's Nose and Rogers' 
Rock are In the distance, while quiet shores and 
ten miles of water fill up the middle ground. 

The " Indian Kettles," a few rods north of the 
house, excite considerable wonder and discussion 
Some say that the Aborigines made them by build- 
ing fires on the rock, then by the application of cold 
water cracked the surface, which could be easily re 
moved, and this repeated several times, would give 
them the depth required. In these they pounded 
corn, and also cooked it in water brought to the 
boiling point by stones after being heated in a fire 
near by. They are found, close to the water's edge, 
in the solid rock, varying in size from an ordinary 
pail to twice the size of a barrel. There is also one 
on an island in the Narrows, and several near Rogers 
Slide. The other theory of their origin is that the> 
were worn out by stones kept turning about by the 
action of the water, long ago, before the clay on the 
shores had hardened into rock. 



114 



Lake George. 



Twin Mountains are seen in the southeast from 
Sabbath Day Point. Separate, the southernmost 
one is the Deer's Leap, the other locally known as 
Bloomer Mountain. Just north of Westurn's is the 




TwmnviouNTAms rmw MBBAT/roAirToiNr 



pleasant summer place of J. F. Chamberlain, of 
New York. 

Hog's Back is the rugged mountain across the 
lake on the east. Near its highest point, Putnam 
and Rogers once came upon an Indian encampment, 
and a skirmish ensued, resulting in the total defeat 
of the savages. The red-roofed, Swiss-like build- 
ing, on a point at its base, is the summer place of 
De Lorm Knowlton, of New York. North of 
Hog's Back stretches Spruce Mountain — strikingly 
bold and precipitous. A long point extending out 
from the east is Bluff Head. Odel Islands are beyond. 



jUtAK-LOAf Ml* 



BIACK MH Q^BSfSUI^ 




<njtR.rs7=Ki.iiiri'Hr» — scotch 'eoHHtx-^^s^BeKm^Da nirr 

yiCn fOOKIK6_iOIITHJROHl A F0IHr'Ttv6 MlUi iOUTX Of HAdUt, 



Scotch Bonnet, four miles north of Sabbath 
Day Point, is a flat rock, lying west of the channel, 
and but a little above the surface. It was so called 
because of the resemblance which a cedar tree, that 
once grew on its surface, bore to a Scotch cap or 
"bonnet." The Umbrella Tree stands on the 
point beyond. 



HAGUE fROM THE SOUTH 




_STE«M60AT2lANDlN« 



PHSNIX Hira.H»liWl9. 




HAGUE. 

I 

jjAGUE is situated on a broad, sweeping 
bay, at the west side of the lake, 28 
miles from its head. The general char- 
acter of its scenery is peaceful, lacking 
the grandeur of the Narrows, but here 
the artist will find plenty of matter for 
study in the great variety of foliage, lichens and 
mosses, the many-colored rocks, the rugged islands 
and the graceful elms, whose slender branches droop 
and sway like the weeping willow, the like of which 
is seen nowhere else at the lake. 

Good bass fishing is found near by, and two fine 
trout brooks render the place attractive to those who 
throw the fly, while the shore, all the way back to 
Sabbath Day Point, is considered good hunting 
ground. A walk up the valley road, north of the 
house, gives a number of the most charming bits of 
scenery imaginable. 

The Thcenix Hotel is the large, white three- 
story building seen a little way north of the steam- 
boat landing. The house will accommodate fifty, 
comfortably. A level, grassy lawn stretches from 
the house out to the sandy beach along the water 



ii6 



Lake George. 



front. A new proprietor will greet old friends here, 
in the person of K. A. Miller, assisted by C. B. 
Pease, a thoroughly efficient and experienced hotel 
man, as manager. The house has been newly fur- 
nished throughout, and is bright and clean as a new 




PHCENIX HOTEl 



button. The beds are first-class ; the table excep- 
tionally nice and inviting. For rates, see 162. 

The Hillside House is nearly hidden among 
the trees, north of the trout-brook, which here 
comes down the valley from the west, but over- 
looks the lake toward the east and south. It has 
the reputation of being a very pleasant family re- 
sort, with good fare and accommodations, and with 
plenty of good boats for the use of guests. Ca- 
pacity, 35. John McClanathan, proprietor. For 
rates, see page 162. 

The Trout House is a three-story building, re- 
cently enlarged, with accommodations for 40 guests. 
Here the most wholesome of country fare is pro- 
vided, and homelike comfort rules the establish- 
ment from one year's end to the next. *' Charley " 
can tell to a nicety just where the big trout is to 
be found, and next to landing it himself, he en- 
joys showing some favored one the way to do it. 



Lake George. 



117 





^ >V^ 


^^•i 


P 




1 


1 






1 


1 




m^^i 


1 



Address Chas. H. Wheeler. For price of board, 
see page 162. 

Island Harbor is the name given to the cluster 
of houses on the west shore of the bay formed by 
the enclosing group known as Cook's Islands, a 
mile north of Hague. About 50 guests can be 
provided for here. It is much frequented by 
sportsmen, and has a rec- 
ord for big fish, ap- 
proached by few places 
along the lake. The loca- 
tion, while retiring, shows 
lovely vistas through the 
islands, and affords safe 
boating, even in the rough- 
est weather. The table is 
excellent. For rates, see 
page 162. A. C. Clifton, proprietor. 

Waltonian Isle is the outermost and largest 
of the group of nine islands outside Island Harbor. 
The steamboat rounds close to its rugged shores, 
in going to or from Hague. Ten miles away at the 
south, the "Elephant" stretches his huge bulk 
across the lake; over his head Black Mountain 
stands guard, growing misty along the distant nar- 
rows. Near by, at the north, is Friend's Point, a 
pleasant, tree-bordered meadow, quiet and beauti- 
ful enough now, but of old, the scene of bloody 
engagements, being then, as now, a favorite camp- 
ing ground. 

On the right is'Blair's Bay, setting well back into 
the eastern shore. At its head are cleared fields in the 
town of Putnam — a bit of civilization reaching out 
from the section beyond, and seeming almost foreign 
in its lack of interest to the rest of Lake George. 



ii§ Lake George. 

Anthony's Nose extends west along the north 
side of Blair's Bay. It is heavily wooded, except- 
ing in spots where a cliff is presented or where it» 
western point rounds over sharply into the lake. 
From a position well back on the south side of Blair's 
Bay can be seen a perfect face in profile, with smooth 
brow, Roman nose, firm' lip and bearded chin, look- 
ing out toward the west from the perpendicular wall 
at the second mountain step. It cannot be seen 
from the passing steamer. 



:^m 


«(WE85- a«5 *» tunwrtwa ^umQ ^^^ 


FKTfNbi, A^ilv, }^,< rflOhf NCAR miTOHlAtf lil£ 



ANTHONY'S NOSB. 

We pass close to the point of the mountain, so 
near that a stone could be easily tossed against its 
iron-stained sides, and we struggle with incipient 
profanity to note where some vandal quack has 
paraded his nostrums before a long suffering pubic, 
desecrating the face of nature, aye, even out- 
raging its very nose with his vinegary compound, 
and, with the wish father to the thought, we look 
down into the depths to see ?f, perchance, retribution 
did not overtake him in the act and leave some 
record for our gratification. 

This is said to be the deepest portion of the lake, 
put down as being anywhere from four to five hun 
dred feet in depth, and a stone loosened from its bed 



Rogers' Slide. 119 

above, is heard in dull, heavy thuds as it leaps from 
crag to crag down through the water to the unseen 
bottom. 

Rogers* Slide is toward the west, a moun- 
tain nearly a thousand feet high, with smoothly 
rounded top and precipitous sides. It is rich in 
minerals, many beautiful specimens of garnet hav- 
ing been found along its summit, and also graphite 
or black lead, which exists in considerable quan- 
tities. Nearly half of its entire height is a smooth 
wall of rock descending at a sharp angle to the 
water's edge. It is said to have received its name 
from the following circumstance : In the winter of 
^7S7-^* Robert Rogers, with a small party of 
Rangers, was sent to make observations at Ticon- 
deroga and Crown Point, where he fell in with a 
party of the enemy, and the skirmish which ensued 
resulted in the total defeat of the English. Rogers 
escaped, and, pursued by the savages, made for the 
summit of what was then called Bald Mountain, 
probably, with the object of putting in practice the 
ruse which his dare-devil nature had suggested. 
Arrived at the brow of the precipice, he threw his 
"luggage" down the steep walls, and, reversing 
himself on his snow-shoes, made his way down 
through a ravine, at the southwest, to the lake ; 
thence around to the foot of the slide. The savages, 
following to the edge of the mountain, where the 
track of the snow-shoes seemed lost in the path 
made by a falling body, expecting, of course, that 
whoever had attempted it could not have reached 
the bottom alive, must have been considerably sur- 
prised to see the brave major making off on the ice 



I20 Lake George. 

toward the head of the lake. It is probable that 
they took it for granted that he had actually gone 
down the steep wall ; this admitted, signs that at 
another time would have lead to the discovery of 
the ruse at once, were overlooked, and they, feeling 
that he must be under tlie protection of the " Grea': 
Spirit," with characteristic reverence for their Deity, 
desisted from further pursuit. 




ROGERS- tLUH ftLOULSauUttZZ ROGERS ROCX HOIEL 



Rogers' Rock Mountain may be ascended by a 
good path leading from the hotel north of the slide 
to the top, from which point may be had a view of 
surprising grandeur and extent. On its summit, 

looking like a tiny bird cage from below, is seen a 
summer house built by Boston's celebrated divine, 
the Rev. Joseph Cook, whose birth-place is just 
over the other side in pleasant Trout Brook Valley. 
Mr. Cook spends much of his summerings at the 
old homestead and may often be seen on the moun- 
tain-top, looming grandly against the sunset sky. 

The Rogers' Rock Hotel stands on a bold 
promontory just north of Rogers* Slide, and supplies 
the long felt need of a first-class house at this end 
of the lake. Around it cluster some of the most 
interesting reminiscences of the past; near by are 
deep waters and running brooks; from its com- 
manding position it looks out over the narrowing 
waters of the outlet and south to where Black Moun- 



Lake George. 



121 



tain stands guard over the way ; backward, a road 
winds through the wood and up the mountain. 
A good dock fronts the lake, small boats are in at- 
tendance, and the larger touch as they go each way. 
An inexhaustible mountain spring of soft water 
supplies each floor, while hose to reach every room 
is handy for instant 
use. A large, open 
fire-place in the par- 
lor gives warmth 
and cheer of 
chilly even- 




mgs or mornmgs. — 

A cottage on the height, 
nearly 150 feet above the 
house, and another at the 
lake shore, give guests a 

choice in altitudes afforded 

by no other hotel at Lake George. Telegraph, and 
a post-office, known as Rogers' Rock, are in the 
house; capacity, 125. Board, $3 per day ; $14 to 
$21 per week. T. J. Tread way, manager. ■ 

Baldwin, 32 miles from Caldwell, is at the end 
of steamboat ride, and here cars are taken for the 
Champlain steamers at Fort Ticonderoga landing. 

"The Cottage" is a pretty little house belonging to W. H. Tippitts, mod- 
estly retiring to the deepest part of t"he bay north of Rogers' Rock Hotel. 
Board here costs $'1.50 per day, or $7 per week. Address at Ticonderoga. 



Prisoner's Isle. 123 

Howe's Landing is the bit of circling beach 
north of the dock. Here Abercrombie, with his 
army of 15,000 men, and Lord Howe, their hfe and 
moving spirit, landed on the 6th of July, 1758, and 
advanced toward Ticonderoga. 

The French, who retreated as the English advanced, 
burned their bridges across the outlet, thus compel- 
ling their enemies to follow along the outer circle 
made by the stream as it sweeps around toward the 
cast and south where it empties into Lake Cham- 
plain. In the valley, north of where we cross the 
outlet, Howe, at the head of his detachment, fell in 
with a portion of the retreating French, and a skir- 
mish ensued. At the first fire the gallant young leader 
fell, and with him the hopes of the army. Aber- 
crombie sounded the recall and did not advance 
again until the evening of the next day ; this delay 
allowing the French to strengthen their defences at 
the old lines, and is probably the main reason for 
the defeat of the English at that place. 

Prisoner's Isle is out in the lake east of Howe's 
Landing. Tradition says the French used it as a 
prison pen. Another version of the account places 
the English in possession, and a party of French — 
taken by Abercrombie in the earlier stages of his 
advance on Ticonderoga, and who escaped during the 
night by wading ashore — their guests, and properly 
enough receives marked attention on account of this 
very interesting story. It seems characteristic, how- 
ever, of the head that controlled the whole move- 
ment, and suggests the thought that, if this eminently 
sagacious and far-seeing warrior, Abercrombie, trust- 



124 TiCONDEROGA. 

ed to the depth of the water to keep a drove of 
Frenchmen, Hke a drove of sheep, he did not im- 
mediately, on discovering that they actually intended 
to fight, surrender himself and army to them ; but, 
no ! by the most profound strategy he succeeded in 
making a brilliant retreat, and escaped with the rem- 
nant of his army — consisting, then, of only about 
thirteen thousand men — from Montcalm's over- 
whelming force of thirty-five hundred! 

Toward the north, the lake rapidly narrows down 
to a mere creek, hastening to its fall, and the crystal 
water is discolored by the clay of the bottom. 
Formerly the boats ran nearly a mile further to the 
old dock. 

Here at the outlet, once when May flowers were 
blooming in the wood, came the martyr priest who 
gave it the beautiful name -of St. Sacrament, and 
was the first white man to gaze upon its beauties. 
A century passed, and, in 1757, another Frenchman 
went southward over its waters ; the first came with 
bible and cross preaching peace ; the second with 
fire and sword and a hord of savage beasts to fated 
Fort William Henry. 

The following year came Abercrombie, to be driven 
back while the flower of the British army lay on the 
bloody field of Ticonderoga, and the next year, slow 
but resistless in its march, came the army of Amherst, 
and before it, the French were swept northward, their 
hold on *' the lake, that is the gate of the country," 
gone forever. 



Lake George. 



125 



Mount Defiance, a little elevation east of the 
outlet, which can hardly be dignified by the name 

of mountain, commands old Fort Ticonderoga, ly- 




ing over on the other 
side, and received its 
name when, in 1777, 
Burgoyne, from its 
summit, trained guns 
on the old fort. 

The Upper Falls 
of Ticonderoga may 
be seen on the left as 
we approach to cross 
the outlet. It is one 
of the best water priv- 
ileges in the country, 
supplied by a reservoir 
that never floods or 
fails. A cotton fac- 
tory, pulp mills, etc., 
here, give employment to a large number of (»p- 
eratives. 

Ticonderoga (village), three miles from Bald- 
win and two from Lake Champlain, contains about 



126 TiCONDEROGA. 

1,500 inhabitants. The water-power is considerable, 
and the stream navigable for small steamers from 
the foot of the lower falls out into Lake Champlain. 

The Burleigh House at Ticonderoga is the 
property of Hon. H. G. Burleigh, of national fame. 
It is the leading hotel of this section, and offers 
many attractions to summer visitors — a handsome 
building, newly furnished. It has electric bells, 
electric lights, steam heat, and a superior table. It 
is nearest to Fort Ticonderoga of any house that 
the visitor will, ordinarily, care to patronize since 
the closing of the old hotel at the Ruins — and is 
a convenient centre for various interesting drives. 
Next to having back the good old times when 
staging was the regular means of crossing from one 
lake to the other, is an excursion over the historic 
ground, in the tally-ho belonging to the Burleigh 
House, with the accompanying oratorical historico- 
legendary accompaniment, by the conductor of the 
caravan, which is promised this year to such excur- 
sionists as may give due notice in advance of their 
coming. For all of which address the proprietor, 
E. J. Wood, at Ticonderoga. 

Fort Ticonderoga (lake station) is at the east 
foot of Mount Defiance, five miles from Baldwin. 
Here Lake George trains connect with the Cham- 
plain steamer and cars for the north and south. 
The old fort can be seen at the north, about a mile 
distant from the landing. 

Tickets are good, either by boat or rail, as far 
north as Plattsburgh, giving travelers the choice be- 
tween an afternoon spent on the lake, or at the 
Ruins. At Plattsburgh, passengers by boat and 
train unite.. 



LAKE CHAMPLAIN. 




HE first white sporting man that ever 
visited the Adirondacks was Samuel 
de Champlain, a Frenchman, who, in 
1609, joined a company of native Ca- 
nadian tourists on a gunning expe- 
dition toward the south, when he fell 
in with a party of Iroquois, and suc- 
ceeded in bagging a number. Sam- 
uel was an enthusiastic sportsman, 
and of a vivacious, happy disposition, as witness his 
felicitous description of the manner in which he, at 
the first shot, brought down three out of four Abo- 
rigines, who broke cover, then pursued and killed 
some others. After this adventure, which hap- 
pened the same year that Hendrick Hudson sailed 
up the river that now bears his name, and 1 1 years 
before the Pilgrims landed on Plymouth Rock, he 
wrote an account of the affair, modestly calling the 
sheet of water explored after himself — Lake Cham- 
plain. Just two centuries after his passage in a 
canoe, the first steamboat was launched on the lake. 
When Champlain came, the Indians called the lake 
Cani adere qiiarante, spelled in various ways, and 
said by learned authorities, who copy it from some 
one else, to mean '' the lake that is the gate of the 
country." By the early French, who did not 
choose to recognize Champlain's right to the name, 



/ 



4 



I 



A** 



Lai^e Champlain. 129 

it was known as Mere les Iroquois, or " Iracosia." 
A book published in 1659 speaks of it as "the lake 
of Troquois, whicli, together with a river of the 
same name, running into the river of Canada, is 60 
or 70 leagues in length. In the lake are four fair 
islands, which are low and full of goodly woods and 
meadows, having store of game for hunting. 
Stagges, Fallow Dear, Elks, Roe Bucks, Beavers, 
and other sorts of beasts." In shape it is very like 
a long, slim radish, with Whitehall at the little end. 

On the east is Vermont, sweeping away in a 
broad, cultivated plain, that gradually ascends to 
the ridges of the Green Mountains. Along the 
southern and central part of the lake, the rocky 
western shores step down to the water's edge and 
backward, rise peak on peak, wild, broken, and 
grand — the Adirondack Mountains. Here and 
there are bits of cultivated land, and breaks in the 
mountain-gateways to the wilderness. Then, as 
you go north, the mountains fall away back into 
the interior, and a level, well-cultivated country pre- 
sents itself. 

Its length, from Whitehall to Fort Montgomery, 
is 107^ miles; its greatest width, which is near the 
outlet of Au Sable River, is I2yi miles, and 
greatest depth (at a point i^ miles southeast of 
Essex Landing), 399 feet. Measuring down into 
Missisquoi bay, the extreme length of the lake may 
be found at about 118 miles. Its elevation above 
tide is 99 feet. It contains a number of beautiful 
islands, principally near the north end, the two 
largest known respectively as North and South 
Hero, and collectively as Grand Isle, a county of 
Vermont. 



130 Whitehall. 

The D. & H. R. R., extending along the west 
shore of the lake, in an air line, between New York 
and Montreal, is the main artery of travel between 
the two great cities. At various points, rail or stage 
routes diverge, leading to the central portions of 
the wilderness. 

2. Whitehall^ is at the head of Lake Cham- 
plain ; 219 miles north of New York, 78 from Al- 
bany. It was originally called Skeenesborough, 
after Col. Philip Skeene, who accompanied Aber- 
crombie in 1758; was wounded in his attack on 
Ticonderoga, and, after Amherst's victorious ad- 
vance the following year, was appointed comman- 
dant at Crown Point, at which time he projected 
the settlement. In 1765, he obtained a grant of 
the township, and, in 1770, took up his residence 
here. On the breaking out of the Revolution he 
took sides with the Royalists, accompanied Bur- 
goyne in his expedition against Ticonderoga, and 
was captured with him at Saratoga. His property 
was confiscated by act of Legislature in 1779. 

At Whitehall, the train from the south divides, — 
a part going east, the remainder north, along the 
principal street, through the tunnel, and across the 
marsh-br ttomed basin, toward a notch cut out of its 
farther rim. Just before entering the rock-cut al- 
luded to, we see on the east a short double crook, 
in a narrow channel, known as " Fiddler's Elbow," 
where, under water, are the hulks of some of the ves- 
sels engaged in the battle of Plattsburgh in 18 14. 
On the high point of rocks just over and slightly to 
the north of the Elbow is Fort Putnam, where Gen- 

* In going south along Lake Champlain, read numbered paragraphs in re 
verse order, begining at Rouse's Point, page 153. 



Lake Champlain. 131 

eral Israel Putnam lay in ambush, waiting for the 
French and Indians under the command of Marin. 

The train skims over the surface of the marsh on 
the long trestle, straight as an arrow flies, for a mile, 
and over the draw at the outlet of South Bay along 
which Dieskau led his men to attack Fort Edward, 
failing in which they turned toward Lake George, 
and fell in with Colonel Williams, on that memora- 
ble 8th of September, 1755. 

Winding in and out, we continue along the west 
shore. On the east, at intervals, are the odd, little 
light-houses and posts, where lanterns are hung 
nights to mark the tortuous channel. Low, reedy 
islands and points float outward from the shores, 
and the grand, rocky gateways, opening up as we 
advance, reveal vistas of wondrous beauty, of far- 
reaching water, and the blue of distant mountains. 

Twenty-three miles north of Whitehall is the 
steamboat landing, and the junction of the branch 
road from Lake George with the main line running 
north. 

The Steamer Vermont, Captain George Rush- 
low, oommander, belongs to the Champlain Trans- 
portation Co. It was built in 1 871, is 262 feet 
long, 36 foot beam. It runs regularly between 
Plattsburgh and Ticonderoga, leaving Plattsburgh 
at 7 A. INI., touching at Port Kent and Burlington on 
the way, and arriving at this point about noon. Re- 
turning, leaves on arrival of passengers from Lake 
George and the south. Passengers by the morning 
boat through Lake George will find the Vermont 
awaiting them here. Dinner is served on board. 
And, by the way, the dinners served on the steamer 
Vermont have been noted for years for their whole- 



132 Lake Champlain. 

someness, and for the plethora of good things with 
which the table is loaded. On the other hand, 
the appetite which a ride over Lake George or Lake 
Champlain gives a body is also a constant source of 
wonderment — and it costs just a dollar here to do 
justice to the one and satisfy the other. 

3. The Ruins of Fort Ticonderoga can be 
seen on the promontory lying about one mile north 
of the steamboat landing. Here were enacted the 
principal events in the play of the lake ; here savage 
and civilized tribes contended for the country on 
either hand ; here two great nations struggled for 
the prize of a continent which neither could retain, 
and precious blood flowed like water for this, the 
key to the " gate of the country," by its position 
elected to become historic ground. 

Claimed by the Hurons and Algonquins on the 
north, and by the P^ive Nations on the south, Lake 
Champlain was permanently occupied by neither. 
It lay between two sections that were continu- 
ally at war with each other — the bloody middle 
ground, over which each party in its turn swept, 
carrying ruin in its path. This had made the 
lovely shores a solitude. Thus Champlain found 
it when, in July, 1609, he sailed south with the 
Indians from the St. Lawrence to make war upon 
their southern enemies, and " encountered a war 
party of the Iroquois on the 29th of the month, 
about ten o'clock at night, at the point of a cape 
which puts out into the lake on the west side." In 
the morning a battle ensued. Champlain says : 
" Ours commenced, calling me in a loud voice, and, 
making way for me, opened in two, and placed me 
at their head, marching about 20 paces in advance 



Champlain's Battle. 133 

until I was within 30 paces of the enemy. The mo- 
ment they saw me they halted, gazing at me and I 
at them. When I saw them preparing to shoot at 
us, I raised my arquebus, and aiming directly at 
one of the three chiefs, two of them fell to the 
ground by this shot, and one of their companions 
received a wound, of which he died afterward. I 
had put four balls in my arquebus. Ours, in wit- 
nessing a shot so favorable to them, set up such tre- 
mendous shouts that thunder could not have been 
heard ; and yet there was no lack of arrows on one 
side and the other. The Iroquois were greatly as- 
tonished, seeing two men killed so instantaneously, 
notwithstanding they were provided with arrow- 
proof armor, woven of cotton-thread and wood. 
They lost courage, took to flight, and 
abandoned the field and their fort, hiding them- 
selves in the depths of the forests ; whither pur- 
suing them I killed some others. . . . The 
place where the battle was fought is 43 degrees some 
minutes north latitude, and I named it Lake Cham- 
plain." Ticonderoga is 43^ degrees north latitude, 
and probably the cape referred to " which puts out 
into the lake on the west side." The French 
claimied the country by virtue of Champlain's dis- 
covery, and in 1731, while at peace with Great 
Britain, they advanced to Crown Point and erected 
Fort St. Frederick. 

The English claimed this territory by right of 
purchase and treaty with the Five Nations. Gen- 
eral Johnson was sent, in 1755, to drive the French 
from Crown Point, but halted at Lake George, 
when Baron Dieskau made his famous dash around 
French Mountain, defeated Colonel Williams,^and 



134 



Lake Champlain. 



attacked the main army, to be defeated in turn. 
He then retreated to Ticonderoga, and began the 
erection of a fort, which he called " Carillon^ 

In I757» somewhat enlarged, it was occupied by 
Montcalm, who marched thence to the capture of 
Fort William Henry. In 1758 Abercrombie made 
his unsuccessful attack on the old French lines, 
which resulted in his total defeat, with a loss of 
nearly 2,000 killed and wounded. The following 
year Amherst entrenched before them, and the 
French, satisfied that they could not successfully 
resist him, abandoned and set fire to the works, and 
the English took possession in the morning. The 
English advanced on Fort St. Frederick, the French 
retreated into Canada. 

Amherst repaired and enlarged the works at Ti- 
conderoga and Crown 
Point on a scale 
great magnifi 
c e n c e, but 
never after 
was a shot 
from the 
fro w n i n g 




embrasures 
directed 
against an 
approaching 
foe. Peace be- 
tween the nations 
soon followed and 

forts were allowed to fall into a state of ill repau' 
and were poorly garrisoned when the revolution 
broke out. Ticonderoga had but 50 men, all told, 



Fort Ticonderoga. 135 

when in the gray of the morning of the lOth of May, 
1775, Ethan Allen and 83 of his "Green Mountain 
boys " stole in through the wicket gate and de- 
manded its surrender "in the name of the Great 
Jehovah and the Continental Congress." 

In 1777 the brilliant general Burgoyne with 7,500 
men came from the north and laid siege to Ticon- 
deroga. St. Clair, who was then in command, had 
barely suf^cient troops to man the principal works, 
and when the English took possession of Mt. Defi- 
ance, from which they could drop shot right over 
into their midst, he abandoned the fort, stealing 
away on the night of July 4th. 

After the capture of Burgoyne at Saratoga, the 
British retired into Canada, but in 1780 the old fort 
was again occupied by the troops under General 
Haldiman. Then came another enemy, silent, but 
resistless as the march of time — frosts to rack and 
tempests to beat upon the old walls, until they tot- 
ter and fall away, disappearing one by one, and 
bringing the time when naught shall remain but the 
name it bears, and that uncertain. 

Ticonderoga is the generally accepted compos- 
ite of a dozen or more Indian terms applied to the 
place, all with something of the same sound, as 
Tieuderoga, Chconderoga, etc., the words used by 
the natives meaning the corning together or meeting 
of tvaters'' instead of the commonly given version 
of " sounding waters." Carillon, the name given it 
by the French, meaning " music racket, a chime," 
may have been suggested by the sounding waters 
of the falls at the outlet of Lake George-, two miles 
distant. 

* Golden, 1765. Pownell, 1774. 



136 Lake Champlain. 

The old battery on the bluff, above the fort 
steamboat landing, is said to have been the original 
Carillon. Back on the higher ground are the bar- 
rack walls, trenches and bastions. On the west, 
beyond the outlet of Lake George, is Mount Defi- 
ance. Opposite the fort at the south-east, the lake 
is narrowed down by the near approach of Mount 
Independence, which was also fortified while St. 
Clair held command. Between the two points ran 
the chain, or floating, bridge. 

The lake here turns toward the north, thus wash- 
ing three sides of the promontory. Among the 
oaks, just west of the tunnel, is the old French 
lines, reaching over the ridge and nearly across the 
peninsula. The trenches, embankments and two or 
three redoubts are clearly defined. Across the lo- 
cust-covered flat, just north of the ruins, from a 
point near the drawbridge, lay Ethan Allen's route 
in 1775; and on the plain, near Addison Junction, 
according to the best authorities, occurred the en- 
counter betw^een Champlain's party and the L'oquois. 
4. Crown Point is 1 1 miles north of Ticonder- 
oga. Here, on the shore, are the 
furnaces of the Crown Point Iron 
Company, and the eastern terminus 
of a narrow-gauge railway, which 
extends back 13 miles to iron mines 
at Hammondville, 1,300 feet above the lake. 

The Lake House is the most desirable hotel in 
this section. It stands on a sightly point a short 
distance north of the steamboat landing, where the 
road from the interior, passing through the village 
of Crown Point, comes down to the lake shore. To 
the east is the Vermont shore, to which a steam 




Crown Point. 137 

cable-boat runs as the chance passenger may -re- 
quire. That guests will be properly cared for here 
may be accepted as a fact, for the proprietor, M. 
Gilligan, has shown evidence of his gift as a caterer, 
and may be relied on to furnish a cleanly, whole- 
some and satisfactory table. A free carriage runs 
to trains and boats. Rates for board, $2 per day; 
$8 to $12 per week. 

5. Crown Point Ruins are about six miles 
north of Crown Point landing. The lake is here 
narrowed down by the land on which the ruins 
stand, on the west side, the point marked by a stone 
light-house, and by Chimney Point, approaching 
from the east. Beyond the light-house, at the nar- 
nowest point in the passage, are the scarcely visible 
ruins of Fort St. Frederick, built by the French in 
1 73 1. This point became a noted trading post, 
where the savages came to exchange peltry for civ- 
ilized fire-water and other necessaries. Under the 
protecting guns of the old fort it developed into a 
village of 1,500 inhabitants, the remains of ^nes of 
cellars and flagged walks, extending back toward 
the west, still showing signs of its old-time pros- 
perity. 

The ruins of Crown Point proper, commenced by 
Amherst in 1759, and completed at an expense of 
ten million dollars, are seen further over at the west, 
as the boat passes through the narrow opening into 
the broad lake. The extensive earthworks, and the 
walls of the barracks, still in a good state of preser- 
vation, indicate the strength and extent of the forti- 
fications. When Ethan Allen captured Fort Ticon- 
deroga, Crown Point was garrisoned only by a ser- 
geant and 12 men, and was taken possession of by a 



138 Lake Champlain. 

part of Allen's men under Seth Warner. In 1777 it 
was occupied by Burgoyne in his triumphant march 
south — triumphant until he reached Saratoga. 

BULWAGA Bay is at the west, over beyond the 
peninsula on which the ruins stand. 

6. Port Henry, two miles northwest of Crown 
Point Ruins, is exceedingly picturesque, extending 
from the lake shore well up on the side of the 
mountain that rises boldly beyond. It has a num- 
ber of elegant private residences, occupied by the 
iron magnates of that section, with churches, public 
schools, and a pretty opera-house. Deer are quite 
common in the mountains close about the town, as 
from the nature of the ground, a considerable por- 
tion is, and will probably always remain, in its 
native wild state ; a fact of which the knowing ones 
with little leisure time take advantage. 

The Lee House is the leading hotel, with ac- 
commodations for 
75 guests. H. L, 
Sprague, proprietor. 
The table is excel- 
lent. Rates $2 to 
$3 per day; 75 cents per meal. S. H. Donnell, liv- 
eryman, advertises to carry parties to the interior 
from this house at the following very reasonable 
rates : Two to four persons. Port Henry to Beede's, 
$6 to $7 ; to '* Roots," $4 to $6 ; to Schroon Lake, 
$6 to $8. The road through the mountains of Mo- 
riah, and over into Schroon Valley, is a most de- 
lightful one; the scenery varied and extremely wild. 

The Lake Champlain & Moriah R. R. is seven 
miles long, extending from Port Henry to the ore 
beds at Mineville, 1,300 feet above. The grade is 




Westport. 



139 



at one point 256^'^ feet to the mile. The average is 
211 feet. The road contains three " Y's," where 
the nature of the ascent renders a curve impracti- 
cable. By plank-road, Mineville is but five miles 
from the lake. This is the centre of the mining 
operations of the region, and is a wonderful reve- 
lation to the novice in mining scenes. 

The new steamer " Chateaugay," Capt. Baldwin, 
leaves Port Henry at 7 A. M. daily, Sundays ex- 
cepted, for Plattsburgh, touching at intermediate 
points, and returning in the afternoon. This boat 
belongs to the C. T. Co., and was launched at Shel- 
burne Harbor, November i, 1887. It is 203 feet 
long, and 59 feet wide over all. Water line, 195 
feet ; beam, 30 feet. The hull is of rolled steel 
plates, made from Chateaugay ore, with a wrought 
iron frame, braced in the most substantial manner, 
and provided with water-tight compartments. The 
engine is a vertical-beam, jet-condensing engine, 44- 
inch cylinder, 10 foot stroke. The paddle-wheels 
are of the new " feathering " pattern, 23 feet in 
diameter. The boat draws four and a half feet of 
water, and will make about 20 miles an hour. 

7. The Chever Ore Bed is two miles north 
of Port Henry, near the lake shore. 

8. The Adirondack Springs are situated on 
the mountain slope, midway between Westport and 
Port Henry. 

9. Westport is a pretty little village, on a deep 
bay, setting in- 
to the western 
shore, fifty miles 
north of White- 
hall. It is the 




140 Lake Champlain. 

gateway into the mountains, I'ia Elizabethtown and 
Keene Valley, and possesses attractions of its own 
that recommend it strongly to the summer visitor. 

The Richards House, at the northern border 
of the village, overlooks the picturesque shore that 
circles toward the north. Accommodations are here 
offered for 75 guests. Rates, $2 per day ; $8 to 
$12 per week. M. A. Clark, proprietor. 

The Westport Inn, overlooking the steamboat 
landing, is under the management of Mrs. Henry C. 
Lyon. Capacity, 30. Rates, $10 to $18 per week; 
$2.50 per day. 

The Allen House, at the depot, is open the 
year round. J. A. Allen, proprietor. Rates $2 per 
day ; $8 per week. 

•* The Water Lily," a small steamboat runs 
from. Westport to Vergennes on the arrival of the 
Vermont from the south. It is notable — among 
steamboats — as having a lady at the wheel in the 
person of Mrs. Captain Daniels, who is said to be 
the first and only regularly licensed lady pilot in the 
service. 

10. Calamity Point is on the west, about 
two miles north of Westport. Here the luckless 
steamer Champlain was wrecked in 1875 while run. 
ning north on her regular night trips. The imme- 
diate cause of the disaster has never been ex- 
plained, as the night was no more than ordinarily 
dark, but since that time, day or night when run- 
ning, the pilot houses of the sister boats invariably 
contain two competent men. Captain Rushlow of 
the Vermont was then In command of the Cham- 
plain, and it was due to his cool self-possession that 
no panic ensued to lead to loss of life. Her engine 



Vergennes— Split Rock. 141 

now does efficient service in the graceful " Horicon " 
on Lake George. 

11. Split Rock Mountain extends along the 
west shore terminating in a sharp point 8 miles 
north of Westport. The sides toward the lake, 
close under which the steamer runs at times, are 
precipitous, and at points wild and grand. 

12. Otter Creek enters the lake from the 
east, something over 5 miles north of Westport. 
This is the longest river, or creek, in Vermont, and 
is navigable to Vergennes, whose spires may be 
seen some distance inland. 

Fort Cassin was built at the mouth of Otter 
Creek, and some of the works are still visible. 
Within the creek a portion of the American squad- 
ron was fitted out in 18 14, which under Commodore 
McDonough defeated the British Commodore 
Dowine at Plattsburgh in September of that year. 

Vergennes is a city with a mayor and a full line 
of aldermen, etc. It is noted as the smallest in- 
corporated city in Vermont — or perhaps it is, in the 
Union, we can't be certain which, but know that it 
makes some preposterous claim of that nature — it 
is a very pretty little town anyway, and well worth 
a visit. 

13. Split Rock is at the northern termina- 
tion of the mountain bearing the same name. 
It is a rough fragment, perhaps a half acre in 
area, separated from the main land by a narrow pas- 
sage. In the uncertain records of old Indian treaties 
it is claimed that this rock marked the line between 
the tribes of the St. Lawrence and those of the 
Mohawk Valley, and it divides the honors of being 
the ancient " Rock Regio " with Rock Dunder, 




VIEWS ON TH» NBV YORK AND CANADA RAILROAD 



BoQUET River. 143 

lyiiii; just south of Burlington. It was the unremov- 
able monument set up by the treaty of Utrecht in 
17 10 to indicate the line between English and 
French possessions, and later, accepted as the nor- 
thern boundary of New York, but in the rearrange- 
ment of the geographies in the school of 1755 and 
1776 the line drifted some sixty miles further north. 

14. Essex is a hamlet on the west shore, 3 
miles north of Split-Rock. 

Cedar Bay on the Vermont shore, nearly op- 
posite Essex, is peculiarly a summer town — a col- 
lection of cottage-camps owned principally by resi- 
dents of Burlington. 

15. TjiE BOQUET River empties into the lake 
four miles north of Essex landing. The derivation 
of its name is unknown and the pronunciation un- 
certain. You can make it rhyme with " wet " or with 
^'hay " and you will have quite respectable company 
in either case. It rises in the mountains that clus 
ter around Keene Valley, passes northward through 
Pleasant Valley ; turns east near Elizabethtown, 
then runs north for several miles parallel with the 
lake into which it finally enters. It is navigable for 
about a mile. It was a rendezvous of Burgoyne's 
flotilla when he advanced on Ticonderoga in 1777, 
and in 18 12 was entered by Brittish gunboats to 
work the destruction of the little village of Wills- 
borough, a mile inland. 

16. WiLLSBOROUGH POINT is the northern ex- 
tremity of a low peninsula about 4 miles long by 
one wide, separating Willsborough Bay, broad and 
deep, from the main lake. Along the precipitous 
west shore, high up above the water, runs the " D. 
& H." Railroad. 



144 Lake Champlain. 

The Green Mountain View House, E. Brown 
& Son, proprietors, stands here. Capacity about 60. 
Rates, $8 to $14 per week. 

17. The Four Brothers are near the middle 
of the lake, east of Willsborough Point. Here oc- 
curred the naval engagement between Benedict 
Arnold and Gen. Carleton in 1776, in which the 
English were victorious. 

18. Juniper Island is northeast of the Broth- 
ers, with high, almost vertical walls, and surmounted 
a light-house. 

After leaving Essex landing the boat passes out 
into the broadening lak^e, gradually nearing the Ver- 
mont side in the approach to Burlington. Back 
inland are the two highest peaks of the Green 
Mountains — Mansfield, 4,350 feet above tide, and 
Camel's Hump, the Leon Couchant of the French. 

A prominent object, as we near the city, is Rock 
Dunder, a sharp cone of rock 20 feet high, be- 
lieved by Winslow C. Watson, the historian, to be 
the famous '' Rock Reggio," so frequently men- 
tioned in colonial records, notwithstanding the 
counter-claims of Split Rock. The steamer usually 
passes close by on its east side. 

19. Pottiek's Point terminates a long, regular 
shore on the right. 

20. Shelburne Harbor is east of Pottier's 
Point. Here are the ship-yards of the Champlain 
Transportation Company, and here have been built 
all the large boats of Lake Champlain. It is worthy 
of note that but one year after Robert Fulton's 
first steamboat was launched on the Hudson River 
a steamboat was built and launched at Burlington — 



Burlington. 



145 



and it could make 5 miles an hour without heating 
the shaft, too. 

La Plotte river empties into Shelburne Harbor. 
It is said its name was bestowed because of an in- 
cident of the Revolution. It appears that a party 
of Indians had left their canoes unguarded on the 
banks while making a raid on the scattered settle- 
ment beyond. They were finally driven back by 
the whites and took to their canoes for safety, but 
the canoes had been discovered by some prying 
settlers and riddled with holes which let the water 
in, and who now proceeded to riddle the savages. 
The Green Mountain Boys were very artistic about 
these little affairs. 

Oak Lodge is the summer place of Dr. W. 
Seward Webb, of New York, who has a stock farm 
here, owns an estate of several hundred acres along 
the shore of the lake, and is credited with looking 
still for more. 

21. Burlington is a beautiful city of nearly 
18,000 inhabitants, 80 miles north of Whitehall. It 
is one of the largest lumber marts in the country 
standing fourth in the order of business. It is a 
railroad centre of considerable importance, and 
practically the point where pleasure routes radiate 
toward the Adirondacks, the Thousand Islands and 
the White Mountains. The University of Vermont 
is located here — crowning the hill, on the western 
slope of which, the principal part of the city lies. 
On high land, back of the city, overlooking Wi- 
nooski Valley, is the Green Mountain Cemetery, 
where lies the body of Vermont's famous son, 
Ethan Allen. A monument of Barre granite, 50 
feet in height, surmounted by a statue of Allen, 



146 



Lake Champlain. 



marks the spot, and is a shrine often visited by ad- 
mirers of the Hero of Ticonderoga. 

The Lake Champlain Yacht Club has its head- 
quarters here, and an elegant club house on the 
shores of the lake, a little way north of the steam- 
boat landing. 

The Van Ness House is the leading hotel, and 
ranks as one of the best in New England. Col. U. 
A. Woodburry, proprietor ; L. S. Drew, manager. 

22. Colchester Point reaches out half way 
across the broad lake north of Burlington, and still 
further west are Colchester reef and light-house, a 
blood-red light marking the outermost rock at night. 

23. Schuyler Island is a large cultivated 
island lying near the west shore, off Corlear's Bay. 
Trembleau Mountain is beyond, terminating at 
Trembleau Point. 

24. Port Kent is 10 miles from Burlington, 
the steamer pointing almost due north-west from 
the latter point and veering only slightly from its 
course to pass around Trembleau Point. Below, the 
town is not very attractive ; but above, along the 

brow of the hill, 
are several very 
pleasant, c o m - 
fortable-looking 
houses, amo n g 
them the old 
home of Elka- 
nah Watson, whose account of travels in 1777 con- 
tains the best record we have of the towns and vil- 
lages at that period. The house may be identi- 
fied by the tall columns along its front. This is the 




Au Sable Chasm. 147 

point of departure for Au Sable Chasm and the in- 
terior, via the Au Sable Valley. 

Here, night and day, rain or shine, come the 
noisy stages to meet the trains up the " D. & H.," 
and the steamers that touch at the venerable dock. 
William Harper, owner of. the stage-line, is a vet- 
eran in the business, an old Californian, who came 
within a year of being a ** Forty-niner." This en- 
trance to the sporting ground unites with the route 
from Plattsburgh at Au Sable Station, the differ- 
ence being a choice between 20 miles by railroad 
from Plattsburgh and 13 miles by stage from Port 
Kent to the same place. 

25. Au Sable Chasm is three miles inland — a 
Yosemite in miniature. Here the Au Sable River, 
that has come down out of the mountains of Keene 
and far-away Indian Pass, gathering tributary 
streams on its way, has become quite a river. At 
this point it plunges over the rocks in a fall of 70 
feet, and for more than a mile following, makes 
its way through a cleft in the earth's surface, to 
the level of the lake, through a caflon of indescrib- 
able grandeur and overpowering interest. Stair- 
ways and galleries have been built throughout the 
greater part of its length, and where they end, strong 
batteaux, in the hands of experience boatmen, are 
found to take the traveler through the Grand Flume 
and down the rapids to the lower landing, where 
carriages wait in which the return to the hotel is 
made. The experience is one of a lifetime, and can 
never be forgotten. 

The Lake View House stands on the high 
land overlooking the head of the chasm, the valley 
of the Au Sable above, and the broad slope that 



Valcour Island. 149 

leads down to the lake shore. The view is grand, 
broad, and impressive. The Au Sable Company, 
owners of the chasm, are also proprietors of the 
hotel. Wm. H. Tracy, manager. The house can 
be seen on the high ground at the west, as the 
steamer passes north from Port Kent. 

26. Three miles north of the landing at Port 
Kent is the sandy mouth of the Au Sable. Au 
Sable means, literally, " river of sand." A wooded 
depression in the ground above shows the course of 
the river, but gives no indication of the grand 
chasm — ''the walled banks of the Au Sable " — 
through which it foams and roars. Across from 
this is the widest uninterrupted portion of the lake, 
being here a little more than 13 miles wide. 

27. Valcour Island is east of the channel. 
This was the spot selected for "• A communal home, 
based on the principles of social science," where the 
" Dawn Valcour Community" dawned on the as- 
tonished world of 1874, grew into a mighty power 
(on paper), with '' Col." John Wilcox to furnish the 
intellectual, and "Uncle" Owen Shipman the tem- 
poral home. Here congenial spirits were invited to 
commingle in promiscuity, but all too soon were on 
the ragged edge of individuality, and the musical 
auctioneer soon warbled over the odds and ends 
that remained to satisfy outside demands. In the 
words of one of its leading members "the thing 
busted ; " and the " dawn " was merged into twi- 
light, furnishing another lesson on the practicability 
of free love. 

Here, in the narrow channel between Valcour Is- 
land and the main land, occurred the naval engage- 
ment of October 11, 1776, between Sir Guy Carleton 



I50 Lake Champlain. 

and Benedict Arnold, during which the '' Royal 
Savage" drifted on the rocks at the south end of the 
island, and was later set on fire by the British. 
Carleton was unable to bring his vessels into proper 
position for action, and anchored at the south to cut 
off Arnold's retreat. The latter slipped through 
the lines in the night, and was discovered in the 
morning,, beating industriously toward the south and 
safety. Carleton pursued in his larger vessels, and 
the one-sided engagement took place at the Four 
Brothers out of which Arnold brought but a part of 
his fleet back to Ticonderoga, and that part badly 
crippled. 

28. Crab Island, some distance north of Val- 
cour, is the burial place of the common sailors and 
marines who fell in the battle of Plattsburgh. 
North of this, and projecting well out across the 
lake, is Cumberland Head, from which the shore re- 
cedes toward the north and west, then comes back 
in a wide sweep, embracing the waters of Cumber- 
land Bay. 

29. Plattsburgh is on the west shore of this 
bay, a thriving village of about 8,000 inhabitants. 
It is of considerable commercial importance, being 
on the direct line between New York and Montreal, 
309 miles from the former and 75 from the latter. 
It is the northern terminus of the Au Sable (branch) 
Railroad, and the east end of the Chateaugay Rail- 
road. It is also connected with Burlington and St. 
Albans by steamers daily. Plattsburgh is thor- 
oughly cosmopolitan, with an opinion to offer on 
every question of the day, and exerting no mean in- 
fluence through its wide-awake newspapers, the 
Daily Telegram, and the Sentiftel and Republican — 



Plattsburgh. 



151 



the latter instituted in 181 1, and, notwithstanding 
its age, one of the most rehable and ably conducted 
dennocratic weeklies in the state. 

The first settler in this region was Count Charles 
de Fredenburgh, a captain in the English army. 
The warrant conveying the land to him bore date 
June II, 1769. 

The property reverting to the state after the Rev- 
olution, was granted, in 1784, to Zephaniah Piatt 
and othei-^, and incorporated into the town of 
Plattsburgh, April 4, 1785. A company was then 
organized which, in June of the same year, erected 
a mill at Fredenburgh Falls. The estimate of ex- 
pense contained, among other items, the following: 
'' For bread, $65 ; for rum, $80." The use to which 
so much bread could have been put remains a pro- 
found mystery to this day. 

In the year 1800 Plattsburgh was the county seat, 
its territory extending from Lake George on the 
south to Canada and the St. Lawrence River on the 
north and west. The village then possessed a pop- 
ulation of less than 300, and within the county 
limits were owned at this time 58 slaves. 

The Battle of Plattsburgh took place in 
1 8 14. Stripped of detail, which our limits will not 
admit, the account of this really decisive battle is 
as follows : 

On a beautiful Sabbath morning, September 11, 
1 8 14, the American land forces, under General Mc- 
Comb, and the American fleet, under Commo- 
dore Macdonough, were simultaneously attacked 
by the British land and water forces, under Gen. 
Sir George Provost and Commodore Downie. The 
greater weight of metal carried by the British 



152 



Lake Champlain. 



squadron was more than over-balanced by the po- 
sition occupied and superior handling of the Amer- 
ican guns. The engagement resulted in a complete 
victory for the latter, only a few small boats of the 
enemy effecting a successful retreat. At the com- 
mencement of the naval engagement, the British 
land forces, consisting of 14,000 infantry, advanced 
against the Americans, 3,000 strong, entrenched at 
points along the south bank of the river, but were 
repulsed with a loss of 2,500 in killed, wounded, 
and missing, besides immense stores abandoned in 
their retreat — which served them right for break- 
ing the Sabbath. The ruins of the old forts are to 
be seen on the south outskirts of the village. The 
largest — Fort Moreau — is in the centre. Fort 
Brown on the bank of the river, and Fort Scott 
near the lake. This is a regular army post now, 
built in 1838, and the barracks, about a mile south 
of the village, near the lake shore, are occupied by 
a company of soldiers belonging to the regular 
army. 

There are three good hotels at Plattsburgh : The 
Cumberland House, at the corner of Trinity Square ; 

the W i t h e r i 1 1 
House, by the 
Post Office ; and 
the Fouquet 
House at the 
depot. 

Plattsburgh is 
the principal an- 
tra nee to the 
great lake region 




Rouse's Point. 153 

of the Adirondacks, via the Chateaugay Railroad, 
which runs to Saranac Lake, 73 miles distant. 

30. Cumberland Head is three miles distant. 
Near it occurred the naval battle of 18 14. 

31. South Hero is the largest island of Lake 
Champlain ; and together with North Hero, forms 
the county of Grand Isle. It is about 10 miles long 
and under a good state of cultivation. Between it 
and North Hero the steamboat runs to St. Albans, 
over on the mainland of Vermont. 

32. Isle La Motte is about 12 miles north of 
Cumberland Head. At the south end of the island 
is a valuable black marble quarry. At its north 
end, the ruins of Fort St. Ann, built by the French 
in 1665, may still be seen. 

33. Rouse's Point, according to the U. S. 
Coast Survey, is 107 miles north of Whitehall. 

It is a place of some little commercial interest, 
and the most important port of entry on the fron- 
tier. Five railroads centre here, leading to New 
York, to Ogdensburg and the Thousand Islands, to 
Montreal, to the White Mountains, and to Boston 
and the southeast. 

Hotel Windsor is on the lake shore, a short 
distance south of the little village. Charles F. 
Beck, of the well-known Florida House, at St. Au- 
gustine, Florida, proprietor. Rates, $2.50 to $3 per 
day. 

34. Fort Montgomery, a little way north of 
the long bridge, is an interesting ruin, belonging to 
the United States, not yet completed. About a 
mile north of this a belt of woodland marks the 
boundary line between the United States and 
Canada. 



154 

Those who want information relating to the Adirondack wilder- 
ness — its public ways and houses, its attractions and resources — 
will find it in 

"THE ADIRONDACK® ILLUSTRATKD," 

uniform in style with Lake George and Lake Champlain. Price, 
paper covers, 25 cents ; cloth, 50 cents. 

" Routes, fares to different points, time-tables, maps, guides, and whatever else 
the traveler is most concerned in knowing, are treated clearly and intelligently." — 
Albany Evening Journal. 

" It is the most complete and reliable work of the kind published."— Forest 
and Stream. 

'* A book that may be read through from beginning to end at any time, and be 
found full of interesting reading matter-^'^New York Times. 

" A delightful book, well spiced with anecdote and adventure."— Troy Times. 

'* Mr Stoddard is becoming better and better known year by year to the reading 
public as a humorous writer of marked ability, his works exhibiting qualities that 
will yet entitle him to no mean place in the galaxy of funny fellows."— Platts- 
burgh Kepublican. 

It takes nerve to be funny in a guide book. Price, Paper Covers 
25 cfents, Cloth, 50 cents. 

" MAP* OR THE ADIRONDACK W^ILDERNESS." 

" I think the Map a marvel of accuracy and detail."— Charles Hallock. 

" I find it a most useful assistant in locating the tributaries of streams."— Fred 
Mather. 

" Stoddard's Map of the Adirondacks is the best published."— Gen. Bichard 
U. Sherman. 

" The only map of the Adirondack Wilderness, that the angler, hunter and tour- 
ist can depend upon." — A. Nelson Cheney. 

" Useful for tourists, fisherman and all desiring to post themselves on the Ad- 
irondacks."— Seth Green. 

" Stoddard's Map of the Adirondacks seems to be remarkably accurate." — A. 
Judd Northrup. 

" Stoddard's Map is the best pocket map I ever carried." — " Nesmuk." 

" I can cordially commend it to all tourists in that region." — W. H. H. Murray. 

" A very careful and critical examination impresses me with its great value as a 
guide to all who seek pleasure in our great northern wilderness." — E. Z. C Jud- 
8on, (" Ned Buntline "). 

" It is the most complete map of the Adirondack region ever published, and is 
just what is wanted by a party intending to camp out." — Forest ^nd Stream. 
Post Paid, $1.00. 

BOOKS OE PICTURES. 

liAKE GEORGE.— A book of pictures. Twelve photogravure plates 10x12 
inches, comprising over 50 choice bits of Lake George scenery. Bound in torchon 
board, with illuminated title. $1.50. 

AMONG THE MOUNTAINS OF THE ADIRONDACKS. -Ten plates. 
Same style and size as Lake George. $1.50. 

THROUGH THE LAKE COUNTRY OP THE ADIRONDACKS. - 
Same as above. $1.50. 

THE HUDSON RIVER FROM ITS SOURCE TO THE SEA.— Same 
as above. S1.50. 

These books are brought out by Messrs. Nims & Knight, of Troy, who are well 
well known as publishers of fine art works. They make an elegant gift book and 
are very interesting souvernirs of the sections indicated by their titles. Any of the 
above publications will be sent post-paid, on receipt of price, by addressing 

8. R. STODDARD, Publisher, glcns Falls, n. y. 



A Few Last Words. 155 

In the following pages are given matters of general in- 
terest ; and presumably reliable, for here those who arj 
interested speak for themselves. 

^ HOTELS.— Albany, 165; Au Sable Chasm, 164; Glens 
Falls, 165; Keene Valley, 163; Lake George, 156 to 
162; Ticonderoga, 163; Saratoga, pgs 55-56, Saratoga 
department of this book. 

CONGRESS SPRLVG is almost too well known to need 
advertising, but the proprietors have a few words to say on 
page 58, Saratoga department. 

RAILROADS.— "D. & H.," 168; N. Y. C. & H. R., 
i66; West Shore, 167 

STEAMBOATS.— Citizens' Evening Line, 170; Hud- 
son River Day boats, 170; People's Line, 177; Lake 
George and Lake Champlain, 169. 

GLENS FALLS. — Insurance Company, 174; Terra 
Cotta and Brick Co., 174; Shirts, Collars and Cuffs, 174; 
Business Cards, 175-7. 

LAKE GEORGE Business Cards, 159. 

If interested in Yachting or Canoe matters, see the ad- 
vertisement of the Radix Centreboard on page 172. 

If you don't know enough about the Adirondacks after 
all the trouble I have taken to enlighten you, notice page 

Literary and professional people who produce the maxi- 
mum of results with the minimum of effort, do so by means 
of the type-writer. See the one pictured on page 173. I 
am paid for putting it there, but the fact does not affect 
my belief that it is the best typewriter in the world. 

Amateur photography is raging throughout the length 
and breadth of the lanet— a delightful and profitable amuse- 
ment — yielding mementoes of the summer that enable one 
to almost live the time over again. On page [71 you will 
find the advertisement of the leading house in this line in 
America. 

The dry plate advertised on page 172, is one of the very 
best made, and can be relied on to do what the maker 
claims for it, which I am sorry to think is not always the 
case with things advertised. 



FORT WILLIAM HENRY HOTEL, 



T. E. ROESSLE, PROPRIETOR. 



HIS Hotel, which is the only "Great Hotel" at 
J^ Lake George, is one of the largest and best ap- 
pointed summer houses in the world. Its lake 
frontage is three hundred and thirty-four feet, along 
which runs the finest and broadest veranda on the con- 
tinent. Its grounds are spacious and elegant. The 
furniture and all the appurtenances are of the best, a 
fast running elevator, a first-class band of music, and 
every other convenience and luxury which the choice or 
taste of guests may demand, are provided. The owner 
is familiar to the public not only in connection with 
this house, but as proprietor of the " Delavan House," 
Albany, and " The Arlington," Washington, D. C. 

The depot of the new railroad is only a few rods 
east of the house. An omnibus will meet every train. 

In the office of the hotel tickets are sold and baggage 
checked to all points. 

The general telegraph office for Lake George is 
located in the hotel, and furnishes free stock quotations 
ilaily. 

Board, per week, $17.50, $21, $25, $28, according to 
room 




LAKE HOISK, Lake George, Warren Co., N. 
F. G. TUCKER, Proprietor. 

Beautifully situated at the head of Lake George, surrounded by- 
shade trees, will open in May and close in November. Rates at 
popular prices. Liberal terms can be made for the season. Pure 
mountain air, cool nights, and no mosquitoes make the Lake House 
the attractive hotel for the summer months. All passenger and ex- 
cursion boats land at the Lake House dock. Telegraph, Railroad, 
Steamboat and News Office in the Hotel. Baggage checked to all 
points. F. G. TUCKER. 

I^AKK GEORGE, N. Y. 

ACCOMMODATIONS FOR 100 GUESTS. 
TELEPHONE and TELEGRAPH IN THE HOUSE. 

FREE OMNIBUS TO ALL TRAINS AND BOATS. 

Rates, $2.00 per day; $8.00 to $14.00 per week. 

GEORGE BROWN, Proprietor. 



CABPENTKB HOUB 

Lake George, N. Y. 
CL^BAN, WMOI^BSOMB, ORDBRIvY 



9 



RATES, $2.00 PER DAY; $8.00 TO $12.00 PER WEEK. 



J. H. CARPKNTKR, Proprietor. 

JSyFree carriages to trains and boats. 



159 



DRY GOODS 



j.^ - ^. .9^^T^^^ \?'^^ ^^y Goods Store, opposite Carpenter House, 
Mam Street Lake George, N. \ . A large .supply constantly on hand of Staple and 
Fancy Dry Goods, Hosiery, Notions and Corsets ; Ladies' and Gent's Furuishinfj 
Goods, and Shoes, Trunks and Valises. All orders from hotels and their cuests 
will receive the most careful and prompt attention, A. Wurtenberir Pro- 
prietor. D. T. Sands, Manager. *" 

DRY GOODS and GROCERIES. -C. A. & E. J. West, Main Street. Lake 
George Staple and Pancy Dry Goods, Groceries and Canned Goods, etc. Hotels 
supplied. Camping supplies a specialty. 

s: o I?, I o o isr loxdo-e 

Capacity, 100. Bates $8 to $12 per week. 
Write for circular. GEORGE A. FERRIS, Proprielor*. 



KA-TTSKILIv BAY, N. Y. 

Capacity 100. Rates, $9 to $12 per week. 

Post Oiiice in the house. JOH/V CRONKHITE, Proprietor. 



XHE: AGA^s^AM.- 



-o 



Accommodations for 100 Guests. Rates $2 to $3 per day ; $10 to $15 per week 
Six miles from Caldwell. Everything New and First-class. Woven Wire Beds 
and Hair Mattresses in every sleeping room. Tennis Court, shaded the entire day 
Thirty different varieties of trees can be counted from the front veranda. Electric 
Belli and Pure Water. 

W. H. MIDDLEWORTH, Manager. 



(^HE LAKE VIEW HOUSE, Bolton, on Lake George. R. J. 
^ Brown, Proprietor. Bowling Alleys, Billiard Tables, Row- 
Boats, etc. Telegraph in the house. Terms, $10 to $15 per week, 
$2.50 per day. 



Bolton, on Lake George. 

H. A. DEARSTYNE, - - PROPRIETOR. 

Delightful Views. Fine Location. Splendid shade and 

spacious grounds. First-class table and well-appointed 

house. Everything done for comfort of guests. Good 

livery at reasonable rates in connection with the 

house. RATES, $10 to $15 PER WEEK. 

^"SEND FOR CIRCULAR. 



i6o 

THE MARION HOUSE, 

LAKE GEORGE, N. Y. 



Remodeled and enlarged for 1888. Located on the west shore of the lake, about 
six miles north of Caldwell ; stands on a slight eminence, a little removed from the 
water ; commands a view of the broadest portion of the lake. 

Elevator, Electric Bells, Telegraph in the house. 

Four daily mails ; sanitary conditions perfect ; lighted with gas ; pure spring 
water. 

Jersey Milk, Cream and Vegetables from the hotel farm. 

Delightful drives. Good fishing. Every facility for amusement 

Accommodations for 400 gniests. 
RATES, $3.50 per day ; $14 to $25 per week. Send for illustrated book. 

D. W. SHERMAN, Proprietor. 
H. I.. SHERMAN, Manager. 

Address at Glens Falls until June 20, after that date, at Lake George. 



EARL f oiNT House, 

Lake Oeorge, N. Y. 



One of the leading hotels at the lake. Twelve miles from Cald- 
well, on the east side, in 

THE MOST ATTRACTIVE PART OF THE LAKE, 

known as the " Narrows." It has all the requisites for pleasure 
seekers, and its 

FLEET OF SAIL AND ROW BOATS 

is the largest on the lake. 

Capacity, 150. Telegraph in the house. Four daily mails. 

Rates, $3.50 per day ; $12 to $21 per week. 

D. W. SHERMAN, Proprietor. 



i6i 







HUNDRED ISLAND HOUSE, Shelving Rock, N. Y. 

R. G. Bradley & Co., Proprietors. Rates, $10 to |17.55 
per week ; $3 per day. Post-ofRce in the house. Particulai 
attention given to invalids. Telegraph office within five min 
utes' walk. Fresh milk and vegetables from Shelving Rock 
farm. 



(g'PEl^P^jVI peajSE, French Point, Lake Georgo, 
^ N. Y. Accommodations for 100 guests. Also cot- 
tages for families if desired. Bath-houses, sail and row- 
boats in connection with the, hotel. This hotel is beauti- 
fully situated opposite Paradise Bay and Black Mountain 
— the gems of the lake. The hotel is fitted up in the 
most comfortable and attractive manner as a summer 
resort, and wants nothing the tourist or summer traveler 
could desire ; good sleeping-rooms, well ventilated, the 
beds being especially excellent, and table unexcelled, 
ample grounds, fishing, boating and superb scener\\ 
Attached to the hotel is a farm from which the table is 
supplied twice a day with fresh milk, cream, vegetables, 
etc. Price of board per week, through June and Sep- 
tember, $10 ; July and August, $12 to $14 per week ; 
$2.50 to $3.00 per day. All steamers laud at the dock. 
Hannibal Allen, Proprietor, French Point, Lake George, 
N. Y. 




PHOENIX HOTEL, HagiieoiiLake George. 

This House has been thoroughly refitted since last season and 
newly furnished throughout. A beautiful lawn stretches away from 
the House down to a sandy beach on the lake shore. Fine facilities 
for bathing. Good Hunting. First-class Trout and Bass Fishing 
may be enjoyed here. A large fleet of boats is kept for the ac- 
commodation of guests. Also, competent guides, etc. 

Terms, $3 per day, $8 to $12 per week. 
All communications should be addressed to 

k:. a. IvlILIvER, F»roprietor, 
C. B. PEASE, Manager, hague, warren county, n. y. 

MLLLSIDE HOUSE, Hague-on-Lake George. This House is 
^l pleasantly situated on high ground, in one of the most beautiful 
localities of this famous watering-place. The Fishing is good, and 
plenty of good boats are kept constantly on hand for the accommo- 
dation of guests. Rates, $7 to $10 per week. 

JOHN McCLANATHAN, Proprietor. 

fROXJT HOUSE, Hague. Remodelled and refurnished. Spa- 
cious piazza facing the lake. Commands one of the finest 
views cm Lake George. Boats to rent with fishermen in attendance 
at reasonable rates. The best fishing waters of Lake George within 
fifteen minutes' row of the house. We have the reputation of setting 
a first-class table. Capacity, 40. Board from $7 to $8 per week ; 
$1.25 per day. 

CHAS. H. WHEELER, Proprietor. 

{BLAND HARBOR. In May and June the fishermen's house of 
the lake ; guides, boats, bait, and tackle always in readiness. In 
July and August, a quiet house for families. In September and 
October, this is a "hunters' home" in every sense. Woodcock, 
partridge, and squirrel abundant. $1.50 per day; $8 to $10 

per week. 

A. C. CLIFTON, Proprietor. 



TICONDEROGA. N. Y. 

This new and elegant hotel is pleasantly located midway between Lake 
Cbainplain and Lake George. 

The Building is of brick. 80x40, 4 Ptories above basement, Mansard roof, 100 
commodious rooms, newly furnished, and supplied witli an abundance of Lake 
George water, heated by steam, lighted by electric light, hot and cold water 
baths, complete fire protection on each floor. All the appointments are first-class. 

Burleigh House is within three hours' ride of Schroon Lake. Shortest and most 
direct way to the Adirondack?. 

Attractions i^clude many points of historic interest within Fhort range of this 
hotel, among which are the extensive fortifications of FOET TTCODEROGA, built 
by the French in 1755, and surrendered to Col. Ethan Allen, May 10th, 1775, who 
demanded it "in the name of the Great Jehovah and the Continental Congress. " 

Mount Hope, where heavy redoubts and fortifications were made, upon which 
to errect batteries to bear ujion the Fort. 

Mount Defiance, which rises 750 feet above Lake Champlain. Gen. Bur- 
goyne ascended this mountain from the North, July 4, 1777, erected a battery of 
heavy guns upon its summit, completely commanding the Fort, and dislodged the 
Americans. 

Lake George, (the "Como" of America), with its many delightful resorts, and 
thousand enchanting views. 

Lord How^e's Monument, erected near where he was fatally wounded by a 
French Scout. 

Fort Frederick, built by the French in 1731, much of which remains in a good 
state of preservation. And many other localities of interest. 

FIRST-CLASS LIVERY connected with the house. GOOD BOATING within 
a few minutes' walk, on either lake. Fine opportunity for fishing, where tons of 
Trout and Bass are annually taken. Hunting Ground^ between Lake Pharaoh and 
Lake George, abound with deer and small game. Telegraph and express office in 
the house. Rates of Board, $10 to $20 per week. Transient, $2.50 per day. 

"THE ADIRONDACKS" 



HEAD OF KEENE VALLEY. 
S. & O. BKKDE, - - Proprietors. 



First-class accommodations for 300 guests. Best of spring beds 
and hair mattresses ; bath-rooms and hot and cold water on 
every floor ; rooms lighted with gas. 

The grandest mountain views of any holel in the Adirondacks. 

Daily stage to Westport, returning to Keene Valley on arrival 
of afternoon boat from the South. 

Horses, Carriages, and Guides for any part of the Adirondacks 
at reasonable rates. 

Telegraph and Post Office in the house. Will be kept open as 

7? in^iNTOR ReSORT. 

Price of board : per day, $3.50 ; per week, June 1st to middle of 
September, $12 to $21 ; per meal, 75 cents ; Dinner, $1.00. 

S. & O. BEEDE, Proprietors, 

Keene Valley, N. Y. 



AUSABLE CHASM, 



One of the Natural Wonders of the World. 

NO LOVER OF FINE SCENERY SHOULD OMIT VISITING IT. 

No tourist tbrong^b Lake Oeorg^e or the Adiron- 
dacks can afford to miss it. Is iu Essex 
on the YTest Side of 
Liake Champlain. 



PORT KENT 



on the Delaware and Hudson Canal Co.'s R.R., the 
through route between New York and Canada, is 
the railroad station for Ausable Chasm, and is also 
a port on Lake Champlain where cdl trains and steamboats stop, and stages 
are always waiting for Ausable Chasm and Lake View House. Tourists will 
find by way of Port Kent, Ausable Chasm, and Ausable Forks the best 



GATEWAY TO THE ADIRONDACKS, 

the road to Lake Placid being the best and shortest, and by far the most beau- 
tiful and picturesque, presenting the opportunity to visit the far-famed Chasm, 
and going by the Wilmington Pass. All facilities and information cheerfully 
furnished and extra baggage may be left at the Lake View House until return, 
without charge. 

Regular stage line connects daily between Lake View House, Ausable Forks, 
and all parts of the woods. Parties of four or more may obtain private con- 
veyances at regular stage fare. 



LAKE VIEVIT HOUSE. 

Only first-class hotel at Chasm. Delightfully situated on a high plateau, 500 
feet above Lake Champlain, adjoining Chasm entrance. Commanding ex- 
tended and grand views of the Lake, Adirondacks, and Green Mountains. Ap- 
pointments first-class ; table of the best, vegetables fresh from hotel farm. Air 
remarkably dry and health-giving — no malaria. Every effort will be made t« 
make this hotel an attractive summer resort. 

LIBERAL. XKRIUS TO PERMAI^ENX GUESTS. 

Send for circulars and information. 

W. H. XRACV. IVtANAQBiR. 




HOTKL KKNMORK, 

ALBANY, N. Y. 

BEST HOTEL INTHE CITY. 



Convenient to State Capitol and all Public Buildings. First 
Class in every particular. Free Bus to all trains and boats, 



F. H. ROCKWELL, 

MANAGER. 



H. J. ROCKWELL, 

PROPRIETOR. 



ROCKWEIvIv HOUSE, 

Capacity, 100. Rates, $3.00 per Day ; special for "Week or 

Season. 



C. L. ROCKWELL, Manager. 



H. R. IvEAVENS & CO., 

Glens Falls and Lake George Livery Offices, 

Rockwell House, Glens Falls, Crosbyside and Fort William 

Henry Hotel, Lake George. 



Passenger Rates from NewM 

NEW YORK CENTRAL 



^A-3Sri3- 



HUDSON RIVER RAILROAD 

AND CONNECTING LINES. 

Note. — Excursion Tickets are issued by the New York 
Central & Hudson River Railroad at prices given in the 
column of figures under ''^ and return ^ Other figures will be 
found correct in the main, although Through Tickets are not 
issued to all places named. For further information apply- 
to the General Passenger Agent. 



And 
TO fieturn. 

Albany $310 

Au Sable Chasm $14- 75 



Au Sable Station 8.60 

Blue Mountain Lake 9.45 

Baldwin 6.70 

Caldwell* 5-55 

De Kalb Junction 8.61 

Elizabethtown 7.80 

Forked Lake 

Fort Ticonderoga 5.95 

Glens Falls 4-8o 

Gouverneur 8.21 

Lake Placid : 
via Plattsburgh and Cha- 

teaugay R. R 11.60 

Lake George* 5.55 

Through and Return via 

Ticonderoga 

Loon Lake 10.90 

Lake Luzerne (Hadley) $5.20 



15.85 
16.25 



14-45 
19.00 



.65 



22.20 
10.05 

13-15 
20.10 
$9.50 



TO 

Malone \ 

Montreal 

via Lake George . . 

North Creek 

Northville 

Paul Smith's 

Plattsburgh 

Port Kent 

Potsdam 

Raquette Lake 

Riverside 

Rome 

Rouse's Point 

Saratoga 

Saranac Inn 

Saranac Lake (I'wer). 

Schroon Lake 

Troy 

Westport 



9.90 
10.00 
12.00 
6.40 
4.98 
12.00 
8.00 
7.60 
9.21 



fiatnin. 

18.25 
20.25 



6.15 
5-30 
8.70 
4.20 
12.85 
"•35 
7-95 
3-15 
, 6.81 



21.25 
14-75 
14.00 

18.75 
11.50 



7-5® 
24-15 
21.15 

15.00 



* During July and August a Special Excursion Ticket is 
I8.50, good on Saturday to Caldwell and Return following 



issued for 
night. 



The West Shore Railroad 

Is one of the most popular routes for business and pleasure travel 
leading to and from New York city, as well as being the most sub- 
stantially built and elegantly equipped double-track line through cen- 
tral New York State. This superbly built railroad has been justly 
named the " Picturesque Route," traversing as it does the west shore 



r 



*4oUitlj Jre-rrj X^-OCK- 




of the historic and world-famed Hudson River, skirting the foot-hills 
of the Catskill Mountains, famous in Washington Irving's " Rip Van 
Winkle," and passing through the beautiful Mohawk Valley. By 
this route three express trains are run daily, in each direction, be- 
tween New York, Albany, Utica, Syracuse, Rochester, Buffalo, Ni- 
agara Falls, Toronto, Detroit, Chicago, St. Louis, and the West. 
Palace sleeping-cars are attached to these trains, and run through 
without change between the points named. The West Shore, in con- 
nection with the Fitchburg Railroad, is also the shortest line between 
Boston and Chicago. It is the only all-rail line to the Catskill Moun- 
tains, and the only line by which drawing-room cars are run through 
to the heart of the Catskills. During the season of summer travel 
fast Catskill Mountain express trains are scheduled. Attached to 
these trains are drawing-room cars, which run through without 
change between Philadelphia, Jersey City, New Yofk, and Catskill 
Mountains. Saratoga limited express trains are also run by the 
West Shore during the summer season, and have drawing-room cars 
attached which run through without change between Washington, 
Baltimore, Philadelphia, Long Branch, Jersey City, New York, Sara- 
toga, and Caldwell, Lake George. Buffet smoking-cars, with re- 
volving chairs, are a special feature of the splendid service on the 
West Shore. Drawing-room cars are also run between Saratoga and 
Niagara Falls. The West Shore also runs special trains between 
New York and New Paltz during the summer season, for the accom- 
modation of travel to and from Lakes Mohonk and Minnewaska, 
Shawangunk Mountains, and all points in the Wallkill Valley. ^ The 
connection in Jersey City station with the Pennsylvania Railroad 
will be appreciated by travelers to and from the South and the resorts 
of central New York State, as the long transfer through New York is 
thereby avoided. Passengers and baggage from Brooklyn are taken 
direct from the foot of Fulton Street by Annex boat to Jersey City 
station. Tickets via West Shore can be purchased at ticket-offices of 
all connecting lines, and they are sold and baggage checked through 
to destination from all stations of the West Shore Railroad. 



THB#- 




ill 



UAILBOAD 



TO THE 



adirondack mountains, 

montre:au ouede:^ 

Lake George, Lake Champlain, Au Sable Chasm, 

Saratoga, Round Lake, Howe's Cave, Sharon 

Springs, Cooperstown and the 

CELEBRATED GRAVITY RAILROAD, between 
Carbondale and Honesdale, Pa., 

67 miles shorter than any other line, between New York, Albany 
or Troy to the St. RegiS LakOS. 

ONLY AN HOUR'S STAGE RIDE TO LAKE PLACID. 

The completion of the Chateaugay R. R. from Plattsburgh to 
Saranac Lake, opens up the very heart of the Adirondack Moun- 
tains to direct Rail Communication. 

Low Price Excursion Tickets 

To all the famous Adirondack, Lake George and Lake Champlain 
resorts are on sale at the Company's offices, Albany, Troy and 
Saratoga, during the season of pleasure travel. 

Descriptive Guide, Hotel Lists, etc., sent upon application to 

J. W. BURDICK, 

GENERAL PASSENGER AGENT, 
ALBANY. N. Y. 



LAKE CHAMPLAIN STEAMERS 



SUMNIKR ARRANQKMKNT. 



SEASON OF 1SS7, 



"VKRNIONT/' Capt. RiislnloAPV, 

will leave Plattsburgh at 7.00 a.m. ; Port Kent, 7.35 ; Burling- 
ton, 8.45, reaching Fort Ticonderoga 12.30 p.m., connecting 
with trains for the South and Lake George ; returning, leave 
Fort Ti. on arrival of trains from the South and Lake George, 
1.30 P.M. for Burlington, Port Kent, and Plattsburgh. 

LAKE 6E0R6E STEAMERS. 



"HORICON," Capt. Nlanvllle, 

will leave Caldwell on arrival of train from Saratoga and the 
South, 9.40 A.M., for way landings and Baldwin, connecting 
with train for Lake Champlain ; returning, leave Baldwin i P.M. 
for Caldwell and the South. 

"TlCONDE^ROQA,'' Capt. Arbtickile, 

leaves Baldwin 7.30 a.m. for way landings and Caldwell, con- 
necting with train for Saratoga, Albany, and New York; leaves 
Caldvrell on arrival of train, 4.30 P.M. for Baldwin. 

iviEAi^s serte:i> on board. 

GENERAL OFFICE, P. W. BARNEY, 

Burlingtim, Vt. Gen' I Superintendent 



234 



TBE Tiro FASTEST STEAITIBOATS IN THE ITORIiD. 




NEW YORK 

AND 

ALBANY. 



STEAMERS LEAVE 

Vestry St. Pier, N. Y., 8.40 A.M. 
22d '' '' " 9.00 " 



RETURNING LEAVE 

Hamilton St., Albany, 8.30 A.M. 
NIXJSIC. NIUSIC. 

SEE THAT YOUR TICKETS READ VIA 

• ♦♦♦ 

Through Tickets Sold at our Offices to all Points and Baggage Checked to Destination 

CITIZENS' LINE STEAMERS. 

*Popukr HuJ5on I^iver I(ouIe* 

! BETWEEN! 

NEW YORK, TEOY, SARATOGA, LAKE GEORGE, 

And all Points in the Adirondack Region. 
New Palace Steamers SARATOGA and CITY OF TROY. 

Lighted throughout by Electricity. 

Electric Lights and Electric Bells in Every Room. 

iFare XiO-wei? t;l3.a,n. iDy aixy otlxei? Itoiite- 



LiBJAVE NEW YORK Daily (except Saturday), at 6 p.m., N. R., foot Chris- 
topher Street, connecting with all early Trains North and East. 
IiEAVE TROY Daily (except Saturday), on arrival Evening Train, Sunday 6 f.m 
Sunday Steamers, both North and South, touch at Albany. 

For Tickets and State Rooms in New York, apply at the Office on the pier ; at 
207, 257, 261, 271, 397, 944, 1323 Broadway, and 737 Sixth Avenue; 4 Court Street, 
Brooklyn ; 838 and 860 Fulton Street ; 107 Broadway, Williamsburg. In the South 
at Principal Ticket Offices in Philadelphia, Baltimore, Washington and Richmond. 



G. W. HORTON, Vice-Prest. 
GEO. W. GIBSON, Gen. Pass. Agt. 
troy, n. y. 



J. CORNELL, President. 

G. M. LEWIS, Gen. Ticket Agt. 

NEW YORK. 



E. k I T. ANTHONY & CO., 



59 1 Broadway, New York. 



MANUFACTURERS AND IMPORTERS OF 

PIioIo^r^pKic In5lrumeiil5, 



APPARATUS AND SUPPLIES 



Of Ervevy Description. 




*^ 



SOLE PROPRIETORS OF THE 

Patent Detective, Fairy, Novel 
and Bicycle Cameras. The 
Phantom Camera, The Cham- 
pion Light Weight of the 
World, and the Celebrated Stan- 
ley Dry Plates. Anthony's 
Universal Roll Holder, An- 
thony's Neg-ative Paper. 

AMATEUR OUTFIT S in great variety from $9.00 upwards. 

Send for Catalogue, or call and examine. 
^^ Afore than Forty Years Established in this line of business. 

PUBLISHERS OF 

ANTHONY'S PHOTOGRAPHIC BULLETIN, 

PROF. CHAS. F. CHANDLER, Editor. 
■DR. A. H. ELLIOTT. Associate Editor. 

Subscription Price, I3.00 per annum. 




Ij. (jennei't 



IMPORTER AND 
MANUFACTURER OF 



TRADE MARK 



Outfits for the Professional and Amateur from $9.00 upwards. 
OFFICE AND SALESROOMS, 54 East lOtli St., NEW YORK. 

Sole ±i33.i)ox't;ei? of tlxe Eagle ■A-ltj-g-i-n. exi. DPax>©^- 
General Agent for the Eagle Dry Plate Co. 




ItStanolsat 

Imitations 

r;flttempt 
"to Qompete ., 



2000 COPIES 

Of any Writing or Type 
Writing. 

ANY ONE CAN USE IT, 

Cyclostyle. 

10 CORTLANDT ST. 



RADIX ♦ PATENT o FOLDING o CENTER o BDARD, 




Three sizes, 30 in. x 15 in.; 36 in. x 18 in.; 37 in. x 24 in. 

For sailboats, rowboats, yachts yawls, sneak boats, canoes, etc. No 
well or trunk in boat ; flush floor and superior sailing qualities. 
Made entirely of brass. Houses in the keel. Highly endorsed, 
largely used ; awarded gold medal at New Orleans Exposition ; 
silver medal Philadelphia, 1885. Send for Circular to RADIX 
MANUFACTURING CO., 39 Old Slip, New York. 



We give to every purchaser of the 
Remington Typewriter the privilege 
of returning it unbroken, at any time 
within 30 days, C. O. D., for full price 
paid, if not ABSOLUTELY SATIS- 
FACTORY IN EVERY RESPECT. 




RIHIIIIGTOII mNDlBD TIPEWRITEB. 

UNEQUALLED FOR 

SPEED, EASE of MANIPUEATION, DURABILITY 
AND NEAT WORK. 

WE GUARANTEE ITS SUPERIORITY. 



Our line of supplies for the Typewriter, including fine linen 
papers, is the BEST IN THE WORLD. 

Illustrated pamphlet and sample book upon request. 

WYCKOFF, SEAMANS & BENEDICT, 

No. 339 Broadway, New York. 



i849- "OLD AND TRIEtD." 1888. 

GLENS FALLS INSURANCE CO., 

GI.ENS FALI.S, N. Y. 

ORGANIZED UNDER NEW YORK SAFETY FUND LAW. 

R. M. LITTLE, President. 
J. L. CUNNINGHAM, Sect'y. R. A. LITTLE, Gen Agent. 

TERRA COTTA ^^^ BRICK CO., 

J. M. COOLIDGE, President. 
CHABLES SCALES, Superintendent. 

GLEN SHIRT COMPANY. 

JOSKPH FOWLER and D. L. ROBERTSON, 

PROPRIETORS. 
IVIanufacturers of 

New York Office, 9 East 14th Street. 

Philadelphia Office, 403 Market Street. 

Boston Office, 121 Tremont Street. 

FACTORY and LAUNDRY at GLENS FALLS. 

ya7i IVagner & Noi^ris, 

MANUFACTURERS OF 

Collars, Cuffs and Underwear. Elegant, Perfect Fitting and 
warranted to give entire satisfaction. 

Opera House Block:, Glens Kails, N. Y. 




GLENS FALLS BUSINESS HOUSES. 

ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED. 
^ 

BAKER.— H. Blumenauer, No. 8 South Street. Ice cream, 
fancy bread, cake, fine confectionery, nuts etc 

BOOKS.— P. P. Bradley & Co., 13 Warren Street. Book- 
sellers and stationers, dealers in wall paper, window shades, 
artists's goods, zephyrs, hammocks, lawn-tennis, croquet etc 

Crittenden & Cowles, Established 1868. Books and station- 
ery, school supplies, fine stock of wall paper decorations. Win- 
dow shades a specialty. Hammocks, outdoor and indoor games. 
122 Glen Street. 

^ BOOTS AND SHOES.-New Boston Shoe Store, J. M. Up- 

nam & Son, Proprietors. 

The leading boot and shoe establishment of Glens Falls. 

Sole agents for the Melrose ladies' kid, button shoe. Best 
ladies' shoe in the market for $2.00. Headquarters for Wigwam 
slippers and tennis goods. 135 Glen Street. 

Hartman & Everest, Crandall's Block, Monument Square, 
have boots, shoes, rubbers, leather and findings, with a line 
of specialties in E. C. Burt's and Gray Brothers' fine work. 

CARRIAGrES.— Nelson LaLalle, Glen Street. Manufactur- 
er of fine carriages and sleighs, lumber wagons, etc. Special at- 
tention given to repairing, painting, trimming, and carriage 
blacksmithing. 

CARRIAGE FURNISHINGS.- J. E. Sawyer, wholesale 
and retail dealer in carriage hardware and harness, robes, blank- 
ets, iron, steel and blacksmiths' supplies, carriage tops, coach 
colors, and varnishes. No. 26 Warren Street, opposite Post 
Office. 

CLOTHING.— Coolidge & Bentley, 118 Glen Street. Deal- 
ers in ready-made clothing, hats, caps, straw goods, trunks, trav- 
eling bags, hammocks, etc. Bicycle and tennis suits a specialty. 

Dennis McLaughlin, merchant tailor and practical cutter, 141 
Glen Street, up-stairs. Gentlemen's garments made up in first- 
class style. Good material and good workmanship. Samples 
furnished on application. 

E. L. Mills, fine custom clothier, 145 Glen Street. DresS 
suits a speciality. W. O, Ballou, cutter. 

D. E. Peck, the popular clothier and hatter, men's, youths' 
boys', and children's tailor-fitting clothing, hats, caps, trunks, 
bags, umbrellas, and gent's furnishing goods. Look at them. It 
will cost you nothing. Our new goods must be seen to be appre- 
ciated. 16 Warren Street. 

DIAMONDS.— L. P. Juvet. Fine stones a specialty. 

DRUGS. —Haviland & Ferriss, 124 Glen Street, dealers in 
drugs, patent medicines, paints, oils window glass, tobacco, 
cigars, etc., etc. Also, timothy and clover seed. 

Leggett & Bush, wholesale and retail druggists. New store, 
137 Glen Street. Dealers in paints, oils, window glass, and ar- 
tists' materials, tobacco, snuff, and cigars, timothy, clover, and 
garden seeds, etc. 



1/6 Glens Falls Business Cards. 

Reuben N. Peck, 8 Warren Street, druggist and apothecary. 
Specialties in patent medicines, perfumery paints, oils, glass, etc. 
DRY GOODS.— Byron JJ. Fowler, Exchange Building, 130 
Glen Street, Dry goods, carpets, cloaks, laces, gloves, etc. 

G. F. Bayle & Co., leading and largest dry goods and millinery 
establishment in northern New York, 139 and 141 Glen Street. 
Particular attention paid to mail orders. 

A. Wurteuberg, 138 Glen Street. Dry goods, carpets. 
W. H. Stewart & Co., 186 and 188 Glen Street. Dry goods 
and grdceries, custom and ready-made clothing, boots and shoes, 
hats and caps. 

ELECTRICIAN.— Geo. E. Adams. See Hardware. Elec* 
trie lighting apparatus, electric bells, annunciators for hotels, and 
every description of electric work put in and repaired. 

FRUIT TREES.— Wni. J. Chapman. Russian mulberries, 
shrubs and roses. Opposite the greenhouse. 

FURNITURE. — BuUard & Howe, furniture warerooms, 170 
and 172 Glen Street, Monument Square, Fifteen thousand feet 
of flooring. Elevator, and all modern conveniences. Upholster- 
ing, picture framing. Funeral directors. 

C. M. Wilmarth, 15 and 17 Ridge Street, furniture and under- 
taking. Cottage furniture a specialty. Folding cots, piazza 
chairs, etc. This house having been in business in this place for 
forty-three years is competent to meet all requirements of its cus- 
tomers. 

GROCERIES.— M. H. Bitely, 13 Ridge Street. Family gro- 
ceries, provisions, canned goods, etc. 

H. M. Bay, retail grocer. Nuts and fruits of all kinds in season. 
Fancy groceries, canned goods, cigars, tobaccos, etc. Good butter 
and cheese. Fresh eggs a specialty. 20 Warren Street, opposite 
Opera House, 

Daniel Peck & Co., wholesale grocers, and general dealers in 
fine imported and domestic groceries, canned goods, etc., ill and 
113 Glen Street, and 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 Ridge Street. 

Orvill C. Smith, fine groceries, choice teas, coffees, flour, and 
butter. Canned goods a specialty, Crandall Block, Monument 
Square. 

HARDWARE.— Geo. E. Adams, dealer in Hub stoves and 
general hardware. Plumbing, steam heating, gas fitting, etc. 

DeLong & Sons, dealers in hardware, iron, steel, and stores. 
120 Glen Street. Gas fitting, tin work, and plumbing done to or- 
der. Lock Box, 247. 

Stillwell & Allen, 134 Glen Street. Hardware, stoves, 
pumps, refrigerators, paints, brushes, etc. Rope and cordage. 
H. Thomas & Son, 87 Glen Street, Hardware, stoves, tin- 
ware, hot-air furnaces, cutlery, bird cages, steam and gas fitting, 
plumbing, tin-roofing, etc. 

HARNESS, SADDLES, Etc.— J. W. Haviland, 125 Glen 
Street, manufacturer of and dealer in harness, saddles, whips, 
trunks, bags, blankets, etc. Fine driving and track harness a 
specialty. Agent for the celebrated Cynthiana horse, boots. 

JEWELRY. — L. P. Juvet, finest and largest stock in Northern 
New York. 



Glens Falls Business Cards. 177 

LIVERY.— Griffin & Yerder, n, 13, and 15 Exchange Street, 
livery, sale and boarding stables. Good horses. New carriages, 
landaus, barouches and careful drivers. Cab at all trains. 

LIYERY.— H. R. Leavens & Co., Ridge Street, Glens Falls, 
and Lake George. 

MARKETMEN. — Corbett & Callahan, dealers in choice 
meats, fresh and salt fish, vegetables, canned good«, etc.. Cor. 
South and Elm Streets. 

Guj & Moore, 12 Exchange Street. Chicago dressed beef 
always in stock. Orders by telephone will receive prompt 
attention. 

PHOTOGRAPHS— (Portraits).— Geo. W. Coukey, Kenesaw 
Studio, 14 Mile I^and. i8 Warren Street, Glens Falls. Head- 
quarters at Sagamore Hotel, Lake George. 

VIEWS.— S. R. Stoddard, 36 Elm Street. 

POULTRY.— H. U. T. Coffin, breeder of and dealer in thor- 
oughbred poultry, dogs, saddle horses, Jersey cattle, etc. Ad- 
dress, for circular and prices, Glens Falls, N. Y. 

TIME GLOBES.— L. P. Juvet, inventor. Globes for private 
libraries to order. 

Wm. J. Chapman, dealer in fruit and ornamental trees, Rus- 
sian mulberries, shrubs, grape vines, currants, berries, roses, etc. 
I guarantee my stock true to name and of superior quality. I 
have tested upwards of i,ooo varieties of fruit, and selected a few 
of the hardiest iron-clad varieties adapted to this northern region. 
Correspondence solicited. Special prices will be given on large 
9uantities. Directions for setting furnished with stock. Wm. J. 
Chap man. 

You will have a very pleasant trip by taking a sail up or down the 
Hudson River on the popular Steamers 

"DREW" or "DEAN RICHMOND" 

OF THE] 

People'^ Evening Ivine. 

You will enjoy all the comforts of good living. Tables sup- 
plied with the best the markets afford. The excellence of the 
Cuisine is a feature of this line. This is the tourist's and pleasure 
seeker's route as w^ll as the business man's. A steamer leaves 
Albany for New York (every week day) 8 P. M. Leave New York 
for Albany (every week day) from Pier 41, N. R., foot Canal at., 
6 P. M. Fare $I.'50. Round Trip, $2.50. 

M. B. WATERS, G. P. A. 



"TJ^IET'Y." 



rrora "FOREST AND STREAM." 

"An article which is indispensable to the Adirondack tourist is one of 
Stoddard's New Maps of that region. It is the most complete map 
of the Adirondack region ever published, and is just what is wanted by 
a party intending to camp out." 
From CHARLES HALLOCK, author of The Fishing Tourist. 

" 1 think the Map a marvel of accuracy and detail, so far as I can state 
by personal knowledge, and complete beyond reasonable expectations." 
From FRED MATHER, Assistant to U. S. Fish Commission, Supt. 
Cold Spring Harbor Hatchery, Fishery Editor Forest and Stream. 

*' I find it a most useful assistant in locating the tributaries of streams 
where I wish to plant fish, and consult it frequently." 
From Gen. RICHARD U. SHERMAN, of the New York State 
Fish Commissioners; President of the North Wood's Bisby Club. 

"Stoddard's Map of the Adirundacks is the best published." 
From H. H. THOMPSON, Assist. Treas. N. Y., L. E. & W. R. R. 

"A very correct and complete Map," 
From A. NELSON CHENEY, Glens Palls. 

" Stoddard's Map is not only the best, but the only map of the Adiron- 
dack Wilderness, that the angler, hunter and tourist can depend upon 
if he leaves the beaten track of the great highways." 
From Dr. J AS. A. HENSHALL, Author of the Book of the Black Bass. 

" It is the best Map of the section that I have seen." 
From SETH GREEN. 

"I consider it very useful for tourists, fishermen and all desiring to 
post themselves on the Adirondacks. It is a good work." 
From Judge A. JUDD NORTHRUP, author of 'Camps and 

Tramps in the Adirondacks." 

" Stoddard's Map of the Adirondacks seem- to be remarkably accu- 
rate. The distances given, I should think, > e reliable ; indeed, the 
giving of distances so fully is a feature peculiai to Mr. Stoddard's Map. 
The designation of the overflowed lands is also new, and is valuable." 
From "NESSMUK," author of "Woodcraft," etc. 

"Stoddard's Map is the best pocket map I ever carried. I took it on 
two pretty long canoe cruises, and can recall several instances where, 
when I was a little fogged in the deep woods, the Map helped me out. 
When I lost the first one, in the woods between Stony Pond an«l Big 
Slim, I felt the loss as a real calamity." 
From Rev. W H H. MURRAY. 

" I can ccrd.ally commend it to all tourists to that region." 
From Col. E Z. 0. JUDSON ("NED BUNTLINE "). 

" A very careful and critical examination of Stoddard's Map of the 
Adirondacks impresses me with its great value as a guide to all who seek 
pleasure in our great northern wilderness." 
Prom Messrs. A. B, PARMELEE & SON, Malone. 

" It Is the best and most accurate map that we have seen." 
"From EX-VICE -PRESIDENT WM. A. WHEELER. 

"I can freely indorse what the Messrs. Parmelee have said of the map." 

POCKET EDITION OF MAP, POST PAID, $1.00 
5. R. STODDARD, Publisher, Glens Falls, N. Y. 



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